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Najib Razak

Izvor: Hrvatska internetska enciklopedija
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Najib Razak

Najib Razak bio je bivši premijer Malezija koji je služio od 2009. do 2018. godine.

Vladavina

Kao premijer, njegova vladavina obilježena je kontroverzama. Najib je bio optužen za korupciju i zloupotrebu javnih sredstava. 2015. godine otkriveno je da je velika svota novca navodno prebačena na njegove osobne račune.[1] Ova afera, poznata kao "1MDB scandal", izazvala je masovne prosvjede u Maleziji i privukla pažnju međunarodne zajednice.[2][3] Bivši premijer Mahathir Mohamad poziva na uklanjanje Najiba.[4]

Poslje politike

Nakon izbornog poraza 2018. godine, Najib se suočio s brojnim pravnim poteškoćama. Optužen je za korupciju, pranje novca i zloupotrebu povjerenja.[5][6][7][8] U srpnju 2020. proglašen je krivim za korupciju, zloupotrebu povjerenja i pranje novca u vezi s 1MDB skandalom. Osuđen je na zatvorsku kaznu od 12 godina i novčanu kaznu.[9][10][11]

1MDB skandalom

1MDB

1MDB (1Malaysia Development Berhad) bio je državni investicijski fond osnovan 2009. godine dok je Najib bio premijer. Fond je bio namijenjen za poticanje gospodarskog razvoja zemlje, ali umjesto toga, optužbe su se pojavile da je velika količina novca preusmjerena i zloupotrijebljena u korist političara i njegovih suradnika.[12][13]

Najib bio je suočen s optužbama za korupciju, zloupotrebu vlasti i pranje novca u vezi s 1MDB skandalom. Optužbe su uključivale tvrdnje da je velike svote novca ilegalno završilo na njegovim bankovnim računima.[14] Ukupno je prema procjenama nestalo oko 4,5 milijarde američkih dolara iz fondova 1MDB.[15]

Tijekom suđenja, Najib je tvrdio da je nevin i da nije znao za nepravilnosti u vezi s 1MDB fondom.[16][17] Međutim, u srpnju 2020. godine, proglašen je krivim za nekoliko optužbi i osuđen na zatvorsku kaznu od 12 godina te novčanu kaznu.[18][19][20]

Kontroverze

Kontroverza oko pitanja ljudskih prava

Tijekom Najibovog premijerskog mandata, postojale su kritike zbog ograničavanja slobode izražavanja i gušenja političkih protivnika.[21][22] Bilo je optužbi da je vladajuća stranka koristila pravosudni sustav kako bi ušutkala kritičare i političke disidente.[23]

Kritike zbog povećanja javnog duga

Kritičari su upozoravali da je vlada pod vodstvom Najiba Razaka značajno povećala javni dug Malezije. Postojale su sumnje u efikasno upravljanje javnim financijama i odgovornost u trošenju javnih sredstava.[24]

Kontroverze u vezi izbora

Ponašanje tokom izbora pod vodstvom Najiba suočilo se s kritikama. Opozicijske stranke i civilno društvo izražavali su zabrinutost zbog manipulacije izbornih okruga, gušenja prava glasa i nefer izbornih praksi.[25][26][27][28]

Izvori

  1. ↑ France-Presse, Agence (6. srpanj 2015.). "Malaysian taskforce investigates allegations $700m paid to PM Najib" (engl.). The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jul/06/malaysian-task-force-investigates-allegations-700m-paid-to-pm-najib 
  2. ↑ Holmes, Oliver (30. kolovoz 2015.). "Malaysia protesters regroup to urge PM Najib Razak’s resignation" (engl.). The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/aug/30/malaysia-protests-calling-for-najib-razak-to-resign-enter-second-day 
  3. ↑ "Malaysia's opposition submits no-confidence motion against PM Najib" (engl.). Reuters. 17. listopad 2015.. https://www.reuters.com/article/malaysia-politics-najib-idINKCN0SB09I20151017 
  4. ↑ "Former Malaysia PM Mahathir calls for removal of PM Najib Razak" (engl.). BBC News. 30. kolovoz 2015.. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-34100659 
  5. ↑ "Najib charged with four criminal offenses in 1MDB case" (engl.). 4. srpanj 2018.. https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/Malaysia-in-transition/Najib-charged-with-four-criminal-offenses-in-1MDB-case 
  6. ↑ Staff (8. kolovoz 2018.). "Najib Razak charged with money laundering over 1MDB scandal" (engl.). The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/aug/08/najib-razak-charged-with-money-laundering-over-1mdb-scandal 
  7. ↑ Ellis-Petersen, Hannah; correspondent, Hannah Ellis-Petersen South-east Asia (20. rujan 2018.). "Former Malaysia PM Najib Razak faces new charges over missing $681m" (engl.). The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/sep/20/former-malaysia-pm-najib-razak-charges-missing-628m-1mdb-corruption-court 
  8. ↑ "Malaysia Charges Ex-1MDB Chief and Najib for Audit Tampering" (engl.). Bloomberg.com. 12. prosinac 2018.. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-12-12/malaysia-charges-ex-1mdb-president-in-state-audit-tampering-case 
  9. ↑ TEE, KENNETH (28. srpanj 2020.). "Najib fined RM210m and given 12-year jail term for power abuse charge, 10-year jail term each for all six other charges to be served concurrently" (engl.). https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2020/07/28/najib-fined-rm210m-and-given-12-year-jail-term-for-power-abuse-charge-10-ye/1888933 
  10. ↑ "Najib Razak: Malaysian ex-PM gets 12-year jail term in 1MDB corruption trial" (engl.). BBC News. 28. srpanj 2020.. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-53563065 
  11. ↑ Ratcliffe, Rebecca; correspondent, Rebecca Ratcliffe South-east Asia (28. srpanj 2020.). "1MDB scandal: Najib Razak handed 12-year jail sentence" (engl.). The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jul/28/1mdb-scandal-najib-razak-verdict-malaysia 
  12. ↑ "1MDB: The playboys, PMs and partygoers around a global financial scandal" (engl.). BBC News. 9. kolovoz 2019.. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-46341603 
  13. ↑ Ellis-Petersen, Hannah (28. srpanj 2020.). "1MDB scandal explained: a tale of Malaysia's missing billions" (engl.). The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/oct/25/1mdb-scandal-explained-a-tale-of-malaysias-missing-billions 
  14. ↑ "Malaysian ex-PM hit with 25 new corruption charges" (engl.). 20. rujan 2018.. https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/9/20/malaysian-ex-pm-najib-hit-with-25-new-charges-over-1mdb-scandal 
  15. ↑ Paddock, Richard C. (9. lipanj 2018.). "Malaysia Steps Up $4.5 Billion Corruption Inquiry" (engl.). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/09/world/asia/malaysia-1mdb-mahatir-mohamed.html 
  16. ↑ "Najib insists not involved in 1MDB scandal: Report". 28. lipanj 2018.. https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2018/06/385251/najib-insists-not-involved-1mdb-scandal-report 
  17. ↑ East, 101 (27. listopad 2018.). "Former PM Najib denies wrongdoing as Malaysia deepens 1MDB probe" (engl.). https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/10/27/former-pm-najib-denies-wrongdoing-as-malaysia-deepens-1mdb-probe 
  18. ↑ "Najib sentenced to 12-year concurrent prison term, RM210m fine". 28. srpanj 2020.. https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/536470 
  19. ↑ "Malaysian ex-PM Najib given 12 years in jail in 1MDB scandal" (engl.). 28. srpanj 2020.. https://apnews.com/article/ap-top-news-international-news-trials-najib-razak-money-laundering-1e064784302bd153b2a579d656925ef3 
  20. ↑ "Malaysia's Najib to be jailed for 12 years after 1MDB conviction" (engl.). 28. srpanj 2020.. https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/Malaysia-in-transition/Malaysia-s-Najib-to-be-jailed-for-12-years-after-1MDB-conviction 
  21. ↑ "Letter to Prime Minister Najib Razak on Freedom of Expression" (engl.). 31. kolovoz 2015.. https://www.hrw.org/news/2015/08/31/letter-prime-minister-najib-razak-freedom-expression 
  22. ↑ Jozuka, James Griffiths,Emiko (13. listopad 2016.). "Malaysia: Crackdown on free speech creates 'culture of fear'" (engl.). https://www.cnn.com/2016/10/13/asia/malaysia-free-speech-crackdown/index.html 
  23. ↑ Lakhdhir, Linda (26. listopad 2015.). "Creating a Culture of Fear" (engl.). Human Rights Watch. https://www.hrw.org/report/2015/10/27/creating-culture-fear/criminalization-peaceful-expression-malaysia 
  24. ↑ TAN, ROYCE (22. svibanj 2018.). "Guan Eng confirms national debt more than RM1 trillion" (engl.). https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2018/05/22/guan-eng-confirms-national-debt-more-than-rm1-trillion 
  25. ↑ Staff (4. svibanj 2013.). "Malaysia's governing party accused of dirty tricks in run-up to election" (engl.). The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/may/04/malaysia-dirty-tricks-election 
  26. ↑ Ellis-Petersen, Hannah (5. travanj 2018.). "Malaysian prime minister accused of ‘dirty tricks’ as election looms" (engl.). The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/apr/05/malaysian-prime-minister-accused-of-dirty-tricks-as-election-looms 
  27. ↑ "Election opponents accuse Malaysian leader of ‘dirty tricks’" (engl.). 5. travanj 2018.. https://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/asia-pacific/election-opponents-accuse-malaysian-leader-of-dirty-tricks-1.3451884 
  28. ↑ "From dead voters to blackouts: Malaysia braces for ‘filthy’ poll" (engl.). 29. travanj 2018.. https://www.arabnews.com/node/1293321/world 
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