Laktobacili
| Laktobacili | |
|---|---|
 Lactobacillus casei | |
| Sistematika | |
| Carstvo: | Bacteria |
| Koljeno: | Firmicutes |
| Razred: | Bacilli |
| Red: | Lactobacillales |
| Porodica: | Lactobacillaceae |
| Rod: | Lactobacillus Beijerinck 1901 |
Laktobacili (lat.Lactobacillus; lac, genitiv lactis: mlijeko + bacil), rod grampozitivnih štapićastih bakterija koje šećere razgrađuju u mliječnu kiselinu fermentativnim putem. S pomoću pojedinih vrsta laktobacila dobivaju se različiti proizvodi mliječno-kiseloga vrenja (jogurt, kefir, kiselo mlijeko). Postoji blizu 150 vrsta, a pripadaju koljenu Firmicutes.
Neki laktobacili, sastojci tzv. biojogurta (Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus rhamnosus), u probavnome traktu proizvode antibakterijske tvari (probiotici: reuterin) koje inhibiraju rast nepoželjnih proteolitičkih bakterija. Laktobacili imaju važnu ulogu u siliranju krmiva, prirodnom konzerviranju zelja i maslina, pretvorbi jabučne u mliječnu kiselinu u vinu (Lactobacillus plantarum), pri zrenju kobasica i salama (L. sakei, L. curvatus, L. plantarum) te u industrijskoj proizvodnji tehničke ili prehrambene mliječne kiseline iz melase i škrobnih hidrolizata (L. delbrueckii) ili sirutke (L. delbrückii ssp. bulgaricus). Također su uzročnici zubnoga karijesa, kvare pivo (L. brevis) i vino te smanjuju prinos u proizvodnji etanola.[1][2]
Vrste
- Lactobacillus acetotolerans
- Lactobacillus acidifarinae
- Lactobacillus acidipiscis
- Lactobacillus acidophilus
- Lactobacillus agilis
- Lactobacillus algidus
- Lactobacillus alimentarius
- Lactobacillus amylolyticus
- Lactobacillus amylophilus
- Lactobacillus amylotrophicus
- Lactobacillus amylovorus
- Lactobacillus animalis
- Lactobacillus antri
- Lactobacillus apodemi
- Lactobacillus aquaticus
- Lactobacillus aviarius
- Lactobacillus bifermentans
- Lactobacillus bobalius
- Lactobacillus brevis
- Lactobacillus buchneri
- Lactobacillus cacaonum
- Lactobacillus camelliae
- Lactobacillus capillatus
- Lactobacillus casei
- Lactobacillus ceti
- Lactobacillus coleohominis
- Lactobacillus collinoides
- Lactobacillus composti
- Lactobacillus concavus
- Lactobacillus coryniformis
- Lactobacillus crispatus
- Lactobacillus crustorum
- Lactobacillus curvatus
- Lactobacillus delbrueckii
- Lactobacillus dextrinicus
- Lactobacillus diolivorans
- Lactobacillus equi
- Lactobacillus equicursoris
- Lactobacillus equigenerosi
- Lactobacillus fabifermentans
- Lactobacillus farciminis
- Lactobacillus farraginis
- Lactobacillus fermentum
- Lactobacillus floricola
- Lactobacillus florum
- Lactobacillus fornicalis
- Lactobacillus fructivorans
- Lactobacillus frumenti
- Lactobacillus fuchuensis
- Lactobacillus futsaii
- Lactobacillus gallinarum
- Lactobacillus gasseri
- Lactobacillus gastricus
- Lactobacillus ghanensis
- Lactobacillus gigeriorum
- Lactobacillus graminis
- Lactobacillus hammesii
- Lactobacillus hamsteri
- Lactobacillus harbinensis
- Lactobacillus hayakitensis
- Lactobacillus helveticus
- Lactobacillus hilgardii
- Lactobacillus homohiochii
- Lactobacillus hordei
- Lactobacillus iners
- Lactobacillus ingluviei
- Lactobacillus intestinalis
- Lactobacillus jensenii
- Lactobacillus johnsonii
- Lactobacillus kalixensis
- Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens
- Lactobacillus kefiri
- Lactobacillus kimchicus
- Lactobacillus kimchii
- Lactobacillus kisonensis
- Lactobacillus kitasatonis
- Lactobacillus koreensis
- Lactobacillus kunkeei
- Lactobacillus lindneri
- Lactobacillus malefermentans
- Lactobacillus mali
- Lactobacillus manihotivorans
- Lactobacillus mindensis
- Lactobacillus mucosae
- Lactobacillus murinus
- Lactobacillus nagelii
- Lactobacillus namurensis
- Lactobacillus nantensis
- Lactobacillus nasuensis
- Lactobacillus nodensis
- Lactobacillus odoratitofui
- Lactobacillus oeni
- Lactobacillus oligofermentans
- Lactobacillus oris
- Lactobacillus otakiensis
- Lactobacillus ozensis
- Lactobacillus panis
- Lactobacillus pantheris
- Lactobacillus parabrevis
- Lactobacillus parabuchneri
- Lactobacillus paracasei
- Lactobacillus paracollinoides
- Lactobacillus parafarraginis
- Lactobacillus parakefiri
- Lactobacillus paralimentarius
- Lactobacillus paraplantarum
- Lactobacillus paucivorans
- Lactobacillus pentosus
- Lactobacillus perolens
- Lactobacillus plantarum
- Lactobacillus pobuzihii
- Lactobacillus pontis
- Lactobacillus psittaci
- Lactobacillus rapi
- Lactobacillus rennini
- Lactobacillus reuteri
- Lactobacillus rhamnosus
- Lactobacillus rogosae
- Lactobacillus rossiae
- Lactobacillus ruminis
- Lactobacillus saerimneri
- Lactobacillus sakei
- Lactobacillus salivarius
- Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis
- Lactobacillus saniviri
- Lactobacillus satsumensis
- Lactobacillus secaliphilus
- Lactobacillus selangorensis
- Lactobacillus senioris
- Lactobacillus senmaizukei
- Lactobacillus sharpeae
- Lactobacillus siliginis
- Lactobacillus similis
- Lactobacillus spicheri
- Lactobacillus sucicola
- Lactobacillus suebicus
- Lactobacillus sunkii
- Lactobacillus taiwanensis
- Lactobacillus thailandensis
- Lactobacillus tucceti
- Lactobacillus ultunensis
- Lactobacillus uvarum
- Lactobacillus vaccinostercus
- Lactobacillus vaginalis
- Lactobacillus versmoldensis
- Lactobacillus vini
- Lactobacillus xiangfangensis
- Lactobacillus zeae
- Lactobacillus zymae
Izvori
- ↑ "Laktobacili". Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža. http://www.enciklopedija.hr/natuknica.aspx?id=35194 Pristupljeno 15. srpnja 2019.
- ↑ "Laktobacili". Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža. 22. lipnja 2012.. http://proleksis.lzmk.hr/33652/ Pristupljeno 15. srpnja 2019.
