Intel 8086

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Intel 8086 procesor

Intel 8086 ime je za 16-bitni mikroprocesor kojeg je razvila američka tvrtka Intel 1976. godine, ovaj mikroprocesor je temelj standarnom industrijskom mikroprocesoru x86. Slabija inačica Intel 8088 s 8-bitnom vanjskom podatkovnom sabirnicom korišten je za prvo IBM PC računalo. Razlog zašto je 8088 korišten za prvi PC bili su jeftiniji i dostupniji 8-bitni memorijski čipovi.

Tehnički podaci

  • Takt: 4,77 do 10 MHZ
  • Broj tranzistora: 29.000
  • Tehnologija: NMOS, CMOS, HMOS
  • Kućište: DIP 40 iglica
  • Adresna sabirnica: 20-bita (1MB)
  • Podatkovna sabirnica: 16-bita
  • Broj naredbi: 117
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Popis strojnih naredbi 8086 procesora

Instruction Meaning Notes
AAA ASCII adjust AL after addition used with unpacked binary coded decimal
AAD ASCII adjust AX before division buggy in the original instruction set, but "fixed" in the NEC V20, causing a number of incompatibilites
AAM ASCII adjust AX after multiplication
AAS ASCII adjust AL after subtraction
ADC Add with carry
ADD Add
AND Logical AND
CALL Call procedure
CBW Convert byte to word
CLC Clear carry flag
CLD Clear direction flag
CLI Clear interrupt flag
CMC Complement carry flag
CMP Compare operands
CMPSB Compare bytes in memory
CMPSW Compare words
CWD Convert word to doubleword
DAA Decimal adjust AL after addition (used with packed binary coded decimal)
DAS Decimal adjust AL after subtraction
DEC Decrement by 1
DIV Unsigned divide
ESC Used with floating-point unit
HLT Enter halt state
IDIV Signed divide
IMUL Signed multiply
IN Input from port
INC Increment by 1
INT Call to interrupt
INTO Call to interrupt if overflow
IRET Return from interrupt
Jxx Jump if condition (JA, JAE, JB, JBE, JC, JCXZ, JE, JG, JGE, JL, JLE, JNA, JNAE, JNB, JNBE, JNC, JNE, JNG, JNGE, JNL, JNLE, JNO, JNP, JNS, JNZ, JO, JP, JPE, JPO, JS, JZ)
JMP Jump
LAHF Load flags into AH register
LDS Load pointer using DS
LEA Load Effective Address
LES Load ES with pointer
LOCK Assert BUS LOCK# signal (for multiprocessing)
LODSB Load byte
LODSW Load word
LOOP/LOOPx Loop control (LOOPE, LOOPNE, LOOPNZ, LOOPZ)
MOV Move
MOVSB Move byte from string to string
MOVSW Move word from string to string
MUL Unsigned multiply
NEG Two's complement negation
NOP No operation
NOT Negate the operand, logical NOT
OR Logical OR
OUT Output to port
POP Pop data from stack
POPF Pop data into flags register
PUSH Push data onto stack
PUSHF Push flags onto stack
RCL Rotate left (with carry)
RCR Rotate right (with carry)
REPxx Repeat CMPS/MOVS/SCAS/STOS (REP, REPE, REPNE, REPNZ, REPZ)
RET Return from procedure
RETN Return from near procedure
RETF Return from far procedure
ROL Rotate left
ROR Rotate right
SAHF Store AH into flags
SAL Shift Arithmetically left (multiply)
SAR Shift Arithmetically right (signed divide)
SBB Subtraction with borrow
SCASB Compare byte string
SCASW Compare word string
SHL Shift left (multiply)
SHR Shift right (unsigned divide)
STC Set carry flag
STD Set direction flag
STI Set interrupt flag
STOSB Store byte in string
STOSW Store word in string
SUB Subtraction
TEST Logical compare (AND)
WAIT Wait until not busy Waits until BUSY# pin is inactive (used with floating-point unit)
XCHG Exchange data
XLAT Table look-up translation
XOR Exclusive OR