Intel 8086 ime je za 16-bitni mikroprocesor kojeg je razvila američka tvrtka Intel 1976. godine, ovaj mikroprocesor je temelj standarnom industrijskom mikroprocesoru x86. Slabija inačica Intel 8088 s 8-bitnom vanjskom podatkovnom sabirnicom korišten je za prvo IBM PC računalo. Razlog zašto je 8088 korišten za prvi PC bili su jeftiniji i dostupniji 8-bitni memorijski čipovi.
Tehnički podaci
- Takt: 4,77 do 10 MHZ
- Broj tranzistora: 29.000
- Tehnologija: NMOS, CMOS, HMOS
- Kućište: DIP 40 iglica
- Adresna sabirnica: 20-bita (1MB)
- Podatkovna sabirnica: 16-bita
- Broj naredbi: 117
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Popis strojnih naredbi 8086 procesora
| Instruction | Meaning | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| AAA | ASCII adjust AL after addition | used with unpacked binary coded decimal |
| AAD | ASCII adjust AX before division | buggy in the original instruction set, but "fixed" in the NEC V20, causing a number of incompatibilites |
| AAM | ASCII adjust AX after multiplication | |
| AAS | ASCII adjust AL after subtraction | |
| ADC | Add with carry | |
| ADD | Add | |
| AND | Logical AND | |
| CALL | Call procedure | |
| CBW | Convert byte to word | |
| CLC | Clear carry flag | |
| CLD | Clear direction flag | |
| CLI | Clear interrupt flag | |
| CMC | Complement carry flag | |
| CMP | Compare operands | |
| CMPSB | Compare bytes in memory | |
| CMPSW | Compare words | |
| CWD | Convert word to doubleword | |
| DAA | Decimal adjust AL after addition | (used with packed binary coded decimal) |
| DAS | Decimal adjust AL after subtraction | |
| DEC | Decrement by 1 | |
| DIV | Unsigned divide | |
| ESC | Used with floating-point unit | |
| HLT | Enter halt state | |
| IDIV | Signed divide | |
| IMUL | Signed multiply | |
| IN | Input from port | |
| INC | Increment by 1 | |
| INT | Call to interrupt | |
| INTO | Call to interrupt if overflow | |
| IRET | Return from interrupt | |
| Jxx | Jump if condition | (JA, JAE, JB, JBE, JC, JCXZ, JE, JG, JGE, JL, JLE, JNA, JNAE, JNB, JNBE, JNC, JNE, JNG, JNGE, JNL, JNLE, JNO, JNP, JNS, JNZ, JO, JP, JPE, JPO, JS, JZ) |
| JMP | Jump | |
| LAHF | Load flags into AH register | |
| LDS | Load pointer using DS | |
| LEA | Load Effective Address | |
| LES | Load ES with pointer | |
| LOCK | Assert BUS LOCK# signal | (for multiprocessing) |
| LODSB | Load byte | |
| LODSW | Load word | |
| LOOP/LOOPx | Loop control | (LOOPE, LOOPNE, LOOPNZ, LOOPZ) |
| MOV | Move | |
| MOVSB | Move byte from string to string | |
| MOVSW | Move word from string to string | |
| MUL | Unsigned multiply | |
| NEG | Two's complement negation | |
| NOP | No operation | |
| NOT | Negate the operand, logical NOT | |
| OR | Logical OR | |
| OUT | Output to port | |
| POP | Pop data from stack | |
| POPF | Pop data into flags register | |
| PUSH | Push data onto stack | |
| PUSHF | Push flags onto stack | |
| RCL | Rotate left (with carry) | |
| RCR | Rotate right (with carry) | |
| REPxx | Repeat CMPS/MOVS/SCAS/STOS | (REP, REPE, REPNE, REPNZ, REPZ) |
| RET | Return from procedure | |
| RETN | Return from near procedure | |
| RETF | Return from far procedure | |
| ROL | Rotate left | |
| ROR | Rotate right | |
| SAHF | Store AH into flags | |
| SAL | Shift Arithmetically left (multiply) | |
| SAR | Shift Arithmetically right (signed divide) | |
| SBB | Subtraction with borrow | |
| SCASB | Compare byte string | |
| SCASW | Compare word string | |
| SHL | Shift left (multiply) | |
| SHR | Shift right (unsigned divide) | |
| STC | Set carry flag | |
| STD | Set direction flag | |
| STI | Set interrupt flag | |
| STOSB | Store byte in string | |
| STOSW | Store word in string | |
| SUB | Subtraction | |
| TEST | Logical compare (AND) | |
| WAIT | Wait until not busy | Waits until BUSY# pin is inactive (used with floating-point unit) |
| XCHG | Exchange data | |
| XLAT | Table look-up translation | |
| XOR | Exclusive OR |