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Popis organizacija koje koriste Linux OS: razlika između inačica

Izvor: Hrvatska internetska enciklopedija
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==Vladine organizacije==
==Vladine organizacije==
Kada neka vlada uslijed okolnosti dođe pod pritisak organizacija poput [[World Trade Organization]] i [[International Intellectual Property Alliance]], izlaz iz ove situacije neki vide u prijelazu na Linux operativni sustav te slobodni software, kao na dostižnu i sa legalnog stanovišta prihvatljivu zamjenu za piratski software i skupe proizvode tvrtki kao što su  [[Microsoft]], [[Apple Computer|Apple]] te druge komercijalno orijentirane tvrtke. Posebno je ovo često u zemljema sa velikim brojem kvalitetnih informatičkih stručnjaka, kao što su Indija i Pakistan  -  obje ove zemlje ne mogu si priuštiti ulaganja u skupe tehnološke projekte visoko razvijenih zapadnih zemalja.
Kada neka vlada uslijed okolnosti dođe pod pritisak organizacija poput [[World Trade Organization]] i [[International Intellectual Property Alliance]], izlaz iz ove situacije neki vide u prijelazu na Linux operativni sustav te slobodni software, kao na dostižnu i sa legalnog stanovišta prihvatljivu zamjenu za piratski software i skupe proizvode tvrtki kao što su  [[Microsoft]], [[Apple Computer|Apple]] te druge komercijalno orijentirane tvrtke. Posebno je ovo često u zemljema sa velikim brojem kvalitetnih informatičkih stručnjaka, kao što su Indija i Pakistan  -  obje ove zemlje ne mogu si priuštiti ulaganja u skupe tehnološke projekte visoko razvijenih zapadnih zemalja.
No nije samo faktor cijene ono što vladine organizacije usmjerava na prijelaz na Linux, vrlo je važna i njegova stabilnost te stabilnost i otvorenost izvornog koda, tako da su i neke europske i sjevernoameričke vladine organizacije i institucije također počele koristiti Linux OS.<ref>{{Citiraj web|url=http://www.gtri.gatech.edu/casestudy/gtri-lead-10-million-department-homeland-security-|title=Georgia Tech Research Institute Will Lead $10 Million Department of Homeland Security Open Cyber Security Initiative|publisher=[[Georgia Tech Research Institute]]|accessdate=2011-10-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://gcn.com/articles/2011/07/01/georgia-tech-dhs-open-source-security.aspx?admgarea=TC_NETCOMMSYS|title=DHS, Georgia Tech seek to improve security with open-source tools|work=Government Computer News|date=2011-07-01|accessdate=2011-10-14}}</ref><ref>{{Citiraj web|url=http://www.gatech.edu/newsroom/release.html?nid=66210|title=Georgia Tech Research Institute Leads $10 M Open Source Initiative|publisher=[[Georgia Institute of Technology]]|date=2011-05-17|accessdate=2011-10-14}}</ref><!-- redundant to next ref<ref>{{Citiraj web|url=http://www.livescience.com/14356-cybersecurity-open-source.html|title=U.S. Considers Open-Source Software for Cybersecurity|first=Jeremy|last=Hsu|work=Live Science|date=2011-05-26|accessdate=2011-10-14}}</ref>--><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/43182037/ns/technology_and_science-innovation/t/us-considers-open-source-software-cybersecurity/#.TpfUb0wf64Y|title=U.S. Considers Open-Source Software for Cybersecurity|first=Jeremy|last=Hsu|work=[[MSNBC]]|date=2011-05-26|accessdate=2011-10-14}}</ref><ref name="wheeler">{{Citiraj web|url=http://open-sec.org/images/whitepapers/open-security-definition-2013-08-21.pdf|title=What is open security?|first=David A|last=Wheeler|work=[[Institute for Defense Analyses]]|publisher=Open Security|date=2013-08-21|accessdate=2013-09-07}}</ref><ref>{{Citiraj web|url=http://www.opensecurityfoundation.org/|title=Open Security Foundation|publisher=[[Open Security Foundation]]|accessdate=2011-06-21}}</ref>
No nije samo faktor cijene ono što vladine organizacije usmjerava na prijelaz na Linux, vrlo je važna i njegova stabilnost te stabilnost i otvorenost izvornog koda, tako da su i neke europske i sjevernoameričke vladine organizacije i institucije također počele koristiti Linux OS.<ref>{{Citiranje weba|url=http://www.gtri.gatech.edu/casestudy/gtri-lead-10-million-department-homeland-security-|title=Georgia Tech Research Institute Will Lead $10 Million Department of Homeland Security Open Cyber Security Initiative|publisher=[[Georgia Tech Research Institute]]|accessdate=2011-10-14}}</ref><ref>{{Citiranje novina|url=http://gcn.com/articles/2011/07/01/georgia-tech-dhs-open-source-security.aspx?admgarea=TC_NETCOMMSYS|title=DHS, Georgia Tech seek to improve security with open-source tools|work=Government Computer News|date=2011-07-01|accessdate=2011-10-14}}</ref><ref>{{Citiranje weba|url=http://www.gatech.edu/newsroom/release.html?nid=66210|title=Georgia Tech Research Institute Leads $10 M Open Source Initiative|publisher=[[Georgia Institute of Technology]]|date=2011-05-17|accessdate=2011-10-14}}</ref><!-- redundant to next ref<ref>{{Citiranje weba|url=http://www.livescience.com/14356-cybersecurity-open-source.html|title=U.S. Considers Open-Source Software for Cybersecurity|first=Jeremy|last=Hsu|work=Live Science|date=2011-05-26|accessdate=2011-10-14}}</ref>--><ref>{{Citiranje novina|url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/43182037/ns/technology_and_science-innovation/t/us-considers-open-source-software-cybersecurity/#.TpfUb0wf64Y|title=U.S. Considers Open-Source Software for Cybersecurity|first=Jeremy|last=Hsu|work=[[MSNBC]]|date=2011-05-26|accessdate=2011-10-14}}</ref><ref name="wheeler">{{Citiranje weba|url=http://open-sec.org/images/whitepapers/open-security-definition-2013-08-21.pdf|title=What is open security?|first=David A|last=Wheeler|work=[[Institute for Defense Analyses]]|publisher=Open Security|date=2013-08-21|accessdate=2013-09-07}}</ref><ref>{{Citiranje weba|url=http://www.opensecurityfoundation.org/|title=Open Security Foundation|publisher=[[Open Security Foundation]]|accessdate=2011-06-21}}</ref>


===Afrika===
===Afrika===
*South African Social Security Agency (SASSA) koristi Linux.<ref name="Omni">{{Citiraj web|url = http://www.omni-ts.com/newsroom/linux-desktops-government.html|title = SASSA cuts costs and improves service delivery in rural areas with Novell and Userful Multiplier |accessdate = 2009-06-25|publisher = Omni Technology Solutions |date=June 2009}}</ref>
*South African Social Security Agency (SASSA) koristi Linux.<ref name="Omni">{{Citiranje weba|url = http://www.omni-ts.com/newsroom/linux-desktops-government.html|title = SASSA cuts costs and improves service delivery in rural areas with Novell and Userful Multiplier |accessdate = 2009-06-25|publisher = Omni Technology Solutions |date=June 2009}}</ref>
===Azija===
===Azija===


====Istok====
====Istok====
* Narodna republika Kina koristi Linux OS za svojue [[Loongson]] procesore, kako bi bila tehnološki što nezavisnija.<ref>{{Citiraj web | url = http://www.mdronline.com/watch/watch_Issue.asp?Volname=Issue+%23110308&on=1 | title = China’s Microprocessor Dilemma | accessdate = 2009-04-15 | publisher = [[Microprocessor Report]] }}</ref>
* Narodna republika Kina koristi Linux OS za svojue [[Loongson]] procesore, kako bi bila tehnološki što nezavisnija.<ref>{{Citiranje weba | url = http://www.mdronline.com/watch/watch_Issue.asp?Volname=Issue+%23110308&on=1 | title = China’s Microprocessor Dilemma | accessdate = 2009-04-15 | publisher = [[Microprocessor Report]] }}</ref>
* Kylin OS, koristi ga kineska vojska, prvo na FreeBSD osnovi, od inačice 3.0, baziran na Linuxu.<ref>{{Citiraj web|url=http://english.chinamil.com.cn/site2/columns/2006-02/14/content_420257.htm|title=Kylin Operating System of superior performance developed|publisher= english.chinamil.com.cn| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203005919/http://english.chinamil.com.cn/site2/columns/2006-02/14/content_420257.htm |archivedate= 2013-12-03 |accessdate = 2014-08-21}}</ref><ref>{{Citiraj web |url=http://www.kylin-os.com/products/os/index.html |title=麒麟Linux安全操作系统3.0版 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090518001328/http://www.kylin-os.com/products/os/index.html |archivedate=18 svibnja 2009 |work=www.kylin-os.com |date=18 May 2009 |language=Chinese |accessdate=1 srpnja 2016 }}</ref>
* Kylin OS, koristi ga kineska vojska, prvo na FreeBSD osnovi, od inačice 3.0, baziran na Linuxu.<ref>{{Citiranje weba|url=http://english.chinamil.com.cn/site2/columns/2006-02/14/content_420257.htm|title=Kylin Operating System of superior performance developed|publisher= english.chinamil.com.cn| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203005919/http://english.chinamil.com.cn/site2/columns/2006-02/14/content_420257.htm |archivedate= 2013-12-03 |accessdate = 2014-08-21}}</ref><ref>{{Citiranje weba |url=http://www.kylin-os.com/products/os/index.html |title=麒麟Linux安全操作系统3.0版 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090518001328/http://www.kylin-os.com/products/os/index.html |archivedate=18 svibnja 2009 |work=www.kylin-os.com |date=18 May 2009 |language=Chinese |accessdate=1 srpnja 2016 }}</ref>
* Državna kineska industrijsko komercijalna banka je instalirala LInux kod svih svojih 20,000 predstavništava. (2005)<ref>{{Citiraj web|url=http://informationweek.com/story/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=170700943|title=Microsoft Fights Piracy In China, Linux Wins|work=InformationWeek|accessdate=10 August 2015}}</ref>
* Državna kineska industrijsko komercijalna banka je instalirala LInux kod svih svojih 20,000 predstavništava. (2005)<ref>{{Citiranje weba|url=http://informationweek.com/story/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=170700943|title=Microsoft Fights Piracy In China, Linux Wins|work=InformationWeek|accessdate=10 August 2015}}</ref>


====Zapad====
====Zapad====
* Godine 2003, turska je vlada odlučila kreirati vlastitu Linux distribuciju Pardus, razvijenu na Nacionalnom istraživačkom institutu za elektroniku i kriptologiju. Prva verzije Pardus 1.0, službeno je najavljena 27 prosinca 2005.<ref>{{Citiraj web
* Godine 2003, turska je vlada odlučila kreirati vlastitu Linux distribuciju Pardus, razvijenu na Nacionalnom istraživačkom institutu za elektroniku i kriptologiju. Prva verzije Pardus 1.0, službeno je najavljena 27 prosinca 2005.<ref>{{Citiranje weba
| url=http://www.uekae.tubitak.gov.tr/home.do?ot=1&sid=578&pid=547
| url=http://www.uekae.tubitak.gov.tr/home.do?ot=1&sid=578&pid=547
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Redak 36: Redak 36:


====Sjever====
====Sjever====
* Godine 2010, [[Vladimir Putin]] potpisao je plan da vlada ruske federacije do 2012.pređe na slobodni software, uključujući Linux OS.<ref>{{Citiraj web|url=http://open.cnews.ru/news/top/index.shtml?2010/12/27/421556|title=CNews:Открытое ПО - Open Source|work=CNews.ru|accessdate=10 August 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Citiraj web|url=http://opendotdotdot.blogspot.com/2010/12/putin-orders-russian-move-to-gnulinux.html|title=open...|work=opendotdotdot.blogspot.com|accessdate=10 August 2015}}</ref>
* Godine 2010, [[Vladimir Putin]] potpisao je plan da vlada ruske federacije do 2012.pređe na slobodni software, uključujući Linux OS.<ref>{{Citiranje weba|url=http://open.cnews.ru/news/top/index.shtml?2010/12/27/421556|title=CNews:Открытое ПО - Open Source|work=CNews.ru|accessdate=10 August 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Citiranje weba|url=http://opendotdotdot.blogspot.com/2010/12/putin-orders-russian-move-to-gnulinux.html|title=open...|work=opendotdotdot.blogspot.com|accessdate=10 August 2015}}</ref>


====Jug====
====Jug====
* Vlada indijske države Kerala najavila je 2001. svoju službenu podršku slobodnom softwareu te otvorenom kodu.<ref>{{Citiraj web| url=http://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/apcity/unpan002950.pdf | title="Role of Open or Free Software", Section 15, page 20, of the State IT Policy (2001) of the Government of Kerala, copy available at the UN Public Administration Network (UNPAN) site}}</ref> , ovaj je dokuiment obznanjen na prvoj konferenciji o slobodnom softwareu u Indiji "Freedom First!", održanom u srpnju 2001 u Trivandrumu, glavnom gradu Kerale, gdje je i Richard Stallman prisustvovao osnovanju Free Software Foundation of India.<ref>{{Citiraj web | url=https://www.gnu.org/press/2001-07-20-FSF-India.html | title=Press release from GNU Project, July 2001}}</ref>  
* Vlada indijske države Kerala najavila je 2001. svoju službenu podršku slobodnom softwareu te otvorenom kodu.<ref>{{Citiranje weba| url=http://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/apcity/unpan002950.pdf | title="Role of Open or Free Software", Section 15, page 20, of the State IT Policy (2001) of the Government of Kerala, copy available at the UN Public Administration Network (UNPAN) site}}</ref> , ovaj je dokuiment obznanjen na prvoj konferenciji o slobodnom softwareu u Indiji "Freedom First!", održanom u srpnju 2001 u Trivandrumu, glavnom gradu Kerale, gdje je i Richard Stallman prisustvovao osnovanju Free Software Foundation of India.<ref>{{Citiranje weba | url=https://www.gnu.org/press/2001-07-20-FSF-India.html | title=Press release from GNU Project, July 2001}}</ref>  
* Godine 2014, sa krajem podrške za [[Windows XP]], vlada indijske države  Tamil Nadu prešla je na Linux OS [[BOSS Linux]] (Bharat Operating System Solutions).<ref name="Kumar">{{cite news|url = http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/tn-state-departments-asked-to-switch-over-to-open-source-software/article5799039.ece|title = TN state departments asked to switch over to open source software |accessdate = 20 March 2014|last = Kumar|first = N Ravi|date = 18 March 2014| work = [[The Hindu]]}}</ref>
* Godine 2014, sa krajem podrške za [[Windows XP]], vlada indijske države  Tamil Nadu prešla je na Linux OS [[BOSS Linux]] (Bharat Operating System Solutions).<ref name="Kumar">{{Citiranje novina|url = http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/tn-state-departments-asked-to-switch-over-to-open-source-software/article5799039.ece|title = TN state departments asked to switch over to open source software |accessdate = 20 March 2014|last = Kumar|first = N Ravi|date = 18 March 2014| work = [[The Hindu]]}}</ref>


===Europa===
===Europa===


====Austrija====
====Austrija====
* Glavni grad Beč prešao je na vlastitu na debianu baziranu Linux inačicu [[Wienux]].<ref>{{Citiraj web|url=http://news.zdnet.co.uk/software/linuxunix/0,39020390,39185440,00.htm|title=Latest Topics|work=ZDNet|accessdate=10 August 2015}}</ref> Projekt je u međuvremenu propao, jer je potreban software bio inkopatibilan sa Linuxom.<ref>{{Citiraj web|url=http://www.freesoftwaremagazine.com/columns/vienna_failed_to_migrate_to_linux_why|title=Vienna failed to migrate to GNU/Linux: why? |date=2008-06-09|publisher=freesoftwaremagazine.com|last=Mobily|first=Tony|accessdate=2010-09-26}}</ref>
* Glavni grad Beč prešao je na vlastitu na debianu baziranu Linux inačicu [[Wienux]].<ref>{{Citiranje weba|url=http://news.zdnet.co.uk/software/linuxunix/0,39020390,39185440,00.htm|title=Latest Topics|work=ZDNet|accessdate=10 August 2015}}</ref> Projekt je u međuvremenu propao, jer je potreban software bio inkopatibilan sa Linuxom.<ref>{{Citiranje weba|url=http://www.freesoftwaremagazine.com/columns/vienna_failed_to_migrate_to_linux_why|title=Vienna failed to migrate to GNU/Linux: why? |date=2008-06-09|publisher=freesoftwaremagazine.com|last=Mobily|first=Tony|accessdate=2010-09-26}}</ref>


====Češka republika====
====Češka republika====
* Češká pošta je prešla na  [[Novell]] Linux 2005<ref name="Europa.eu">{{Citiraj web|url = http://ec.europa.eu/idabc/jsps/documents/dsp_showPrinterDocument.jsp?docID=3846&lg=en|title = EUROPA - IDABC - Czech post successfully migrates to Linux|accessdate = 14 October 2005|last = European Communities|authorlink = |date=February 2005}}{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}<!-- {{cbignore|bot=medic}} --></ref><ref>{{Citiraj web|url=http://news.zdnet.co.uk/software/0,1000000121,39186055,00.htm|title=Latest Topics|work=ZDNet|accessdate=10 August 2015}}</ref>
* Češká pošta je prešla na  [[Novell]] Linux 2005<ref name="Europa.eu">{{Citiranje weba|url = http://ec.europa.eu/idabc/jsps/documents/dsp_showPrinterDocument.jsp?docID=3846&lg=en|title = EUROPA - IDABC - Czech post successfully migrates to Linux|accessdate = 14 October 2005|last = European Communities|authorlink = |date=February 2005}}{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}<!-- {{cbignore|bot=medic}} --></ref><ref>{{Citiranje weba|url=http://news.zdnet.co.uk/software/0,1000000121,39186055,00.htm|title=Latest Topics|work=ZDNet|accessdate=10 August 2015}}</ref>


====Francuska====
====Francuska====
* Francuska žandarmerija je sa [[Windows XP]] prešla na Ubuntu OS 2007 .<ref name="Ryan11Mar09">{{Citiraj web|url = http://www.linuxjournal.com/content/open-source-leads-gendarme-arrest-spending|title = Open Source Leads Gendarme to Arrest Spending|accessdate = 2009-03-12|last = Ryan|first = Justin|authorlink = |date=March 2009}}</ref><ref>{{Citiraj web
* Francuska žandarmerija je sa [[Windows XP]] prešla na Ubuntu OS 2007 .<ref name="Ryan11Mar09">{{Citiranje weba|url = http://www.linuxjournal.com/content/open-source-leads-gendarme-arrest-spending|title = Open Source Leads Gendarme to Arrest Spending|accessdate = 2009-03-12|last = Ryan|first = Justin|authorlink = |date=March 2009}}</ref><ref>{{Citiranje weba
  | url=http://www.osor.eu/news/fr-gendarmerie-saves-millions-with-open-desktop-and-web-applications
  | url=http://www.osor.eu/news/fr-gendarmerie-saves-millions-with-open-desktop-and-web-applications
  | title=Gendarmerie saves millions with open desktop and web applications
  | title=Gendarmerie saves millions with open desktop and web applications
Redak 57: Redak 57:
  | date=6 March 2009
  | date=6 March 2009
  | accessdate=20 February 2011
  | accessdate=20 February 2011
}}</ref><ref name="Paul11Mar09">{{Citiraj web|url = http://arstechnica.com/open-source/news/2009/03/french-police-saves-millions-of-euros-by-adopting-ubuntu.ars|title = French police: we saved millions of euros by adopting Ubuntu|accessdate = 2009-03-12|last = Paul|first = Ryan|authorlink = |date=March 2009}}</ref>
}}</ref><ref name="Paul11Mar09">{{Citiranje weba|url = http://arstechnica.com/open-source/news/2009/03/french-police-saves-millions-of-euros-by-adopting-ubuntu.ars|title = French police: we saved millions of euros by adopting Ubuntu|accessdate = 2009-03-12|last = Paul|first = Ryan|authorlink = |date=March 2009}}</ref>
* Francusko ministarstvo poljoprivrede koristi [[Mandriva]] Linux.<ref name="Paul11Mar09" />
* Francusko ministarstvo poljoprivrede koristi [[Mandriva]] Linux.<ref name="Paul11Mar09" />
* Francuski parlament od 2007. koristi Ubuntu OS.<ref>[http://news.zdnet.com/2100-3513-6138372.html French parliament dumping Windows for Linux | Tech News on ZDNet<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{wayback|url=http://news.zdnet.com/2100-3513-6138372.html |date=20080706013053 }}</ref><ref name="IDABCJune2008">{{Citiraj web|url = http://ec.europa.eu/idabc/en/document/7712|title = Fr: 'Members of Parliament have easily adapted to Open Source desktop'|accessdate = 2008-07-04|last = IDABC|authorlink = |date = July 2008|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080802184109/http://ec.europa.eu/idabc/en/document/7712|archivedate = 2 kolovoza 2008}}</ref> No od 2012, zastupnici mogu birati žele li koristiti Windows ili Linux.<ref>{{Cite news|url = http://www.pcinpact.com/news/71556-ubuntu-windows-assemblee-nationale-deputes.htm|title = Les prochains députés devront choisir entre Ubuntu et Windows (French language)|accessdate = 16 April 2014|date=June 2012| work = Next INpact}}</ref>
* Francuski parlament od 2007. koristi Ubuntu OS.<ref>[http://news.zdnet.com/2100-3513-6138372.html French parliament dumping Windows for Linux | Tech News on ZDNet<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{wayback|url=http://news.zdnet.com/2100-3513-6138372.html |date=20080706013053 }}</ref><ref name="IDABCJune2008">{{Citiranje weba|url = http://ec.europa.eu/idabc/en/document/7712|title = Fr: 'Members of Parliament have easily adapted to Open Source desktop'|accessdate = 2008-07-04|last = IDABC|authorlink = |date = July 2008|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080802184109/http://ec.europa.eu/idabc/en/document/7712|archivedate = 2 kolovoza 2008}}</ref> No od 2012, zastupnici mogu birati žele li koristiti Windows ili Linux.<ref>{{Cite news|url = http://www.pcinpact.com/news/71556-ubuntu-windows-assemblee-nationale-deputes.htm|title = Les prochains députés devront choisir entre Ubuntu et Windows (French language)|accessdate = 16 April 2014|date=June 2012| work = Next INpact}}</ref>


====Njemačka====
====Njemačka====
* Gradska vlada Muenchena je od 2003. počela prelazak na Linux OS na debianu zasnovan [[LiMux]].<ref>{{Citiraj web|url=http://news.zdnet.co.uk/0,39020330,39195204,00.htm|title=Latest Topics|work=ZDNet|accessdate=10 August 2015}}</ref> ,<ref>{{Citiraj web
* Gradska vlada Muenchena je od 2003. počela prelazak na Linux OS na debianu zasnovan [[LiMux]].<ref>{{Citiranje weba|url=http://news.zdnet.co.uk/0,39020330,39195204,00.htm|title=Latest Topics|work=ZDNet|accessdate=10 August 2015}}</ref> ,<ref>{{Citiranje weba
  | url=http://www.muenchen.de/cms/prod2/mde/_de/rubriken/Rathaus/40_dir/limux/01_ueberblick/OCA_LiMux_2008_11_12.pdf
  | url=http://www.muenchen.de/cms/prod2/mde/_de/rubriken/Rathaus/40_dir/limux/01_ueberblick/OCA_LiMux_2008_11_12.pdf
  | title=Zwei Jahre freie Software in München
  | title=Zwei Jahre freie Software in München
Redak 68: Redak 68:
  | date=22 April 2008
  | date=22 April 2008
  | format=PDF}}{{dead link|date=July 2011}}<!-- {{Link language|de|German}} -->
  | format=PDF}}{{dead link|date=July 2011}}<!-- {{Link language|de|German}} -->
</ref> <ref>{{Citiraj web |url=http://limuxwatch.blogspot.com/2009/01/munich-conversion-count-timeline.html |title=Munich conversion count timeline |date=December 2009 |accessdate=20 February 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100120215057/http://limuxwatch.blogspot.com/2009/01/munich-conversion-count-timeline.html |archivedate=20 siječnja 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{Citiraj web
</ref> <ref>{{Citiranje weba |url=http://limuxwatch.blogspot.com/2009/01/munich-conversion-count-timeline.html |title=Munich conversion count timeline |date=December 2009 |accessdate=20 February 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100120215057/http://limuxwatch.blogspot.com/2009/01/munich-conversion-count-timeline.html |archivedate=20 siječnja 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{Citiranje weba
  | url=http://www.muenchen.de/Rathaus/dir/limux/english/147197/index.html
  | url=http://www.muenchen.de/Rathaus/dir/limux/english/147197/index.html
  | title=Official LiMux page
  | title=Official LiMux page
  | accessdate=20 February 2011
  | accessdate=20 February 2011
}}</ref> Krajem 2011. 9000 računala gradske vlade koristilo je Linux OS.<ref name="Reed02Jan12">{{Cite news|url = http://www.linuxjournal.com/content/limux-munich-linux-migration-project-reports-success|title = Munich Linux Migration Project LiMux Reports Success|accessdate = 8 January 2012|last = Reed|first = Michael|date = 2 January 2012| work = [[Linux Journal]]}}</ref> Sukladno izvještaju iz 2012. grad je uštedio 11 000 000 eura.<ref>{{Citiraj web|url=http://news.idg.no/cw/art.cfm?id=6785E7D1-E65A-02ED-EC3FF32BA04117C0 |title=Switching to Linux saves Munich over €11 million ( - Software - Government ) |publisher=News.idg.no |accessdate=2013-03-21}}</ref> Nedavno je najavljeno da bi se trebali vratiti na Windows sustav, prije svega zbog kompatibilnosti jer u ostatku Njemačke se koriste Windowsi, te zbog skupoće programerskih poslova. No činjenica je da su uštedjeli 11 000 000 USD.<ref>[http://arstechnica.com/business/2014/08/linux-on-the-desktop-pioneer-munich-now-considering-a-switch-back-to-windows/ Linux-on-the-desktop pioneer Munich now considering a switch back to Windows], Arstechnica - retrieved August 19, 2014</ref> No neki promatrači smatraju da, kao Silviu Stahie (Softpedia), je ovo prije svega političko a ne tehničko pitanje, te da je tu nesumnjivu ulogu imao i Microsoft.<ref>{{Citiraj web|url=http://news.softpedia.com/news/Munich-Switching-to-Windows-from-Linux-Is-Proof-that-Microsoft-Is-Still-an-Evil-Company-455510.shtml |title=Munich Switching to Windows from Linux Is Proof That Microsoft Is Still an Evil Company |publisher=News.softpedia.com |date= |accessdate=2014-08-21}}</ref>
}}</ref> Krajem 2011. 9000 računala gradske vlade koristilo je Linux OS.<ref name="Reed02Jan12">{{Cite news|url = http://www.linuxjournal.com/content/limux-munich-linux-migration-project-reports-success|title = Munich Linux Migration Project LiMux Reports Success|accessdate = 8 January 2012|last = Reed|first = Michael|date = 2 January 2012| work = [[Linux Journal]]}}</ref> Sukladno izvještaju iz 2012. grad je uštedio 11 000 000 eura.<ref>{{Citiranje weba|url=http://news.idg.no/cw/art.cfm?id=6785E7D1-E65A-02ED-EC3FF32BA04117C0 |title=Switching to Linux saves Munich over €11 million ( - Software - Government ) |publisher=News.idg.no |accessdate=2013-03-21}}</ref> Nedavno je najavljeno da bi se trebali vratiti na Windows sustav, prije svega zbog kompatibilnosti jer u ostatku Njemačke se koriste Windowsi, te zbog skupoće programerskih poslova. No činjenica je da su uštedjeli 11 000 000 USD.<ref>[http://arstechnica.com/business/2014/08/linux-on-the-desktop-pioneer-munich-now-considering-a-switch-back-to-windows/ Linux-on-the-desktop pioneer Munich now considering a switch back to Windows], Arstechnica - retrieved August 19, 2014</ref> No neki promatrači smatraju da, kao Silviu Stahie (Softpedia), je ovo prije svega političko a ne tehničko pitanje, te da je tu nesumnjivu ulogu imao i Microsoft.<ref>{{Citiranje weba|url=http://news.softpedia.com/news/Munich-Switching-to-Windows-from-Linux-Is-Proof-that-Microsoft-Is-Still-an-Evil-Company-455510.shtml |title=Munich Switching to Windows from Linux Is Proof That Microsoft Is Still an Evil Company |publisher=News.softpedia.com |date= |accessdate=2014-08-21}}</ref>
* Federalna agencija za zapošljavanje je svojih 13,000 računala prebacila sa [[Windows NT]] na [[OpenSuse]].<ref>[http://www.heise.de/english/newsticker/news/102218 heise online - Federal Employment Office switches to Linux<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{wayback|url=http://www.heise.de/english/newsticker/news/102218 |date=20090317090223 }}</ref>
* Federalna agencija za zapošljavanje je svojih 13,000 računala prebacila sa [[Windows NT]] na [[OpenSuse]].<ref>[http://www.heise.de/english/newsticker/news/102218 heise online - Federal Employment Office switches to Linux<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{wayback|url=http://www.heise.de/english/newsticker/news/102218 |date=20090317090223 }}</ref>


====Island====
====Island====
* Island je u ožujku 2012 odlučio da želi da javne institucije pređu na open source software . Škole su već prešle sa Windowsa na Ubuntu Linux.<ref name="IcelandFOSS">{{Citiraj web|url=http://www.linuxinsider.com/rsstory/74715.html |title=Linux News: Community: Iceland Has the Hots for FOSS |publisher=Linuxinsider.com |accessdate=2012-04-03}}</ref>
* Island je u ožujku 2012 odlučio da želi da javne institucije pređu na open source software . Škole su već prešle sa Windowsa na Ubuntu Linux.<ref name="IcelandFOSS">{{Citiranje weba|url=http://www.linuxinsider.com/rsstory/74715.html |title=Linux News: Community: Iceland Has the Hots for FOSS |publisher=Linuxinsider.com |accessdate=2012-04-03}}</ref>


====Makedonija====
====Makedonija====
* Ministarstvo obrazovanja i znanosti Makedonije na svojih više od 180,000 računala koristi Ubuntu OS.<ref name="Macedonia20Nov07">{{Citiraj web|url = http://www.ubuntu.com/news/macedonia-school-computers|title = Every Student in the Republic of Macedonia to Use Ubuntu-Powered Computer Workstations|accessdate = 2009-03-22|last = Canonical Ltd.|author-link = Canonical Ltd.|authorlink = |date=November 2007}}</ref>
* Ministarstvo obrazovanja i znanosti Makedonije na svojih više od 180,000 računala koristi Ubuntu OS.<ref name="Macedonia20Nov07">{{Citiranje weba|url = http://www.ubuntu.com/news/macedonia-school-computers|title = Every Student in the Republic of Macedonia to Use Ubuntu-Powered Computer Workstations|accessdate = 2009-03-22|last = Canonical Ltd.|author-link = Canonical Ltd.|authorlink = |date=November 2007}}</ref>


====Nizozemska====
====Nizozemska====
* Nizozemska policija za svoju Internet Research and Investigation Network (iRN) koristi samo slobodni softwateree otvorenog koda, i to od 2003. Koriste 2200 računala sa Ubuntu OS.<ref>{{cite news|url = https://joinup.ec.europa.eu/community/osor/news/open-source-only-dutch-police-internet-forensics|title = 'Open source only' at Dutch police Internet forensics|accessdate = 12 December 2013|last = Hillenius |first = Gijs|date = 12 December 2013| work = [[European Commission]]}}</ref>
* Nizozemska policija za svoju Internet Research and Investigation Network (iRN) koristi samo slobodni softwateree otvorenog koda, i to od 2003. Koriste 2200 računala sa Ubuntu OS.<ref>{{Citiranje novina|url = https://joinup.ec.europa.eu/community/osor/news/open-source-only-dutch-police-internet-forensics|title = 'Open source only' at Dutch police Internet forensics|accessdate = 12 December 2013|last = Hillenius |first = Gijs|date = 12 December 2013| work = [[European Commission]]}}</ref>


====Rumunjska====
====Rumunjska====
Redak 89: Redak 89:


====Rusija====
====Rusija====
* Godine 2014, Rusija je najavila da planira koristiti Linux OS za potrebe ministarstva zdravlja, kao protumjeru sankcijama vezanim uz aneksiju Krima, te kao bi oštetila američke korporacije poput Microsofta.<ref>{{Citiraj web|url=http://news.softpedia.com/news/Russian-Ministry-of-Health-to-Replace-Microsoft-and-Oracle-Product-with-Linux-and-PostgreSQL-453909.shtml |title=Russian Ministry of Health to Replace Microsoft and Oracle Products with Linux and PostgreSQL |publisher=News.softpedia.com |date= |accessdate=2014-08-09}}</ref>Godine  2018.Rusija je  najavila  da će početi koristiti Astra Linux.<ref>Cimpanu, Catalin. "Russian military moves closer to replacing Windows with Astra Linux". ZDNet. Retrieved 6 June 2019.</ref>
* Godine 2014, Rusija je najavila da planira koristiti Linux OS za potrebe ministarstva zdravlja, kao protumjeru sankcijama vezanim uz aneksiju Krima, te kao bi oštetila američke korporacije poput Microsofta.<ref>{{Citiranje weba|url=http://news.softpedia.com/news/Russian-Ministry-of-Health-to-Replace-Microsoft-and-Oracle-Product-with-Linux-and-PostgreSQL-453909.shtml |title=Russian Ministry of Health to Replace Microsoft and Oracle Products with Linux and PostgreSQL |publisher=News.softpedia.com |date= |accessdate=2014-08-09}}</ref>Godine  2018.Rusija je  najavila  da će početi koristiti Astra Linux.<ref>Cimpanu, Catalin. "Russian military moves closer to replacing Windows with Astra Linux". ZDNet. Retrieved 6 June 2019.</ref>


====Španjolska====
====Španjolska====
* Istaknuta je još 2003. kao zemlja koja je otišla najdalje u prihvaćanju Linux OS,<ref>{{Citiraj web|url=http://lwn.net/Articles/41738/|title=Linux in Spain|work=lwn.net|accessdate=10 August 2015}}</ref>, primjer je njihova distribucija  [[LinEx]]
* Istaknuta je još 2003. kao zemlja koja je otišla najdalje u prihvaćanju Linux OS,<ref>{{Citiranje weba|url=http://lwn.net/Articles/41738/|title=Linux in Spain|work=lwn.net|accessdate=10 August 2015}}</ref>, primjer je njihova distribucija  [[LinEx]]


==Obrazovanje==
==Obrazovanje==
[[File:Edubuntu 8.04.JPG|thumb|right|[[Edubuntu]] CD kit]]
[[Datoteka:Edubuntu 8.04.JPG|thumb|right|[[Edubuntu]] CD kit]]
Linux se često koristi u tehničkim disciplinama na univerzitetima i u istraživačkim centrima. Prije svega zbog besplatne instalacije, te velike količine slobodnog softwarea. IBM vodi reklamnu kampanju pod naslovom Linux in education.<!-- <ref>{{cite av media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EwL0G9wK8j4|title=YouTube|work=youtube.com|accessdate=10 August 2015}}</ref> -->
Linux se često koristi u tehničkim disciplinama na univerzitetima i u istraživačkim centrima. Prije svega zbog besplatne instalacije, te velike količine slobodnog softwarea. IBM vodi reklamnu kampanju pod naslovom Linux in education.<!-- <ref>{{cite av media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EwL0G9wK8j4|title=YouTube|work=youtube.com|accessdate=10 August 2015}}</ref> -->


Redak 106: Redak 106:


====Njemačka====
====Njemačka====
* Najavljeno je da će 560,000 njemačkih studenta, sa 33 univerziteta prijeći na Linux OS.<ref>{{Citiraj web|url=http://www.computerweekly.com/Articles/2007/08/28/226420/german-universities-migrate-to-linux.htm|title=German universities migrate to Linux|work=ComputerWeekly|accessdate=10 August 2015}}</ref>
* Najavljeno je da će 560,000 njemačkih studenta, sa 33 univerziteta prijeći na Linux OS.<ref>{{Citiranje weba|url=http://www.computerweekly.com/Articles/2007/08/28/226420/german-universities-migrate-to-linux.htm|title=German universities migrate to Linux|work=ComputerWeekly|accessdate=10 August 2015}}</ref>
* Godine 2012,  [[Leibniz-Rechenzentrum]] (Leibniz Supercomputing Centre) (LRZ) Bavarske akademije znanosti i umjetnosti predstavio je SuperMUC, četvrto najjače računalo na svijetu. Računalo je zasnovano na  [[x86]]- osnovi te ima 155,000 procesorskih jezgri, te brzinu od 3 (petaflops of processing power?) i 324 terabita RAM-a. Kao operativni sustav koristi [[SUSE Linux Enterprise Server]].<ref>{{Citiraj web|last=Paul |first=Ryan |url=http://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2012/07/suse-linux-powers-147456-core-german-supercomputer/ |title=SUSE Linux powers 147,456-core German supercomputer |publisher=Ars Technica |accessdate=2012-07-27}}</ref>
* Godine 2012,  [[Leibniz-Rechenzentrum]] (Leibniz Supercomputing Centre) (LRZ) Bavarske akademije znanosti i umjetnosti predstavio je SuperMUC, četvrto najjače računalo na svijetu. Računalo je zasnovano na  [[x86]]- osnovi te ima 155,000 procesorskih jezgri, te brzinu od 3 (petaflops of processing power?) i 324 terabita RAM-a. Kao operativni sustav koristi [[SUSE Linux Enterprise Server]].<ref>{{Citiranje weba|last=Paul |first=Ryan |url=http://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2012/07/suse-linux-powers-147456-core-german-supercomputer/ |title=SUSE Linux powers 147,456-core German supercomputer |publisher=Ars Technica |accessdate=2012-07-27}}</ref>
====Italija====
====Italija====
* Škole u [[Bolzano]]u, [[Italy]], sa studentskom populacijom od 16,000, od rujna 2005 koriste Linux OS ([[FUSS Soledad GNU/Linux]]).<ref>{{Citiraj web|url=http://www.fuss.bz.it/|title=Benvenuti in FUSS!|work=fuss.bz.it|accessdate=10 August 2015}}</ref>
* Škole u [[Bolzano]]u, [[Italy]], sa studentskom populacijom od 16,000, od rujna 2005 koriste Linux OS ([[FUSS Soledad GNU/Linux]]).<ref>{{Citiranje weba|url=http://www.fuss.bz.it/|title=Benvenuti in FUSS!|work=fuss.bz.it|accessdate=10 August 2015}}</ref>


====Sjeverna Makedonija====
====Sjeverna Makedonija====
* U makedonskim školama(486!) koristi se 5,000 Linux računala, operativni sustav Ubuntu .<ref>[http://gnomejournal.org/article/33/macedonia-deploys-5000-gnome-desktops-in-public-schools The GNOME Journal: Macedonia Deploys 5,000 GNOME Desktops in Public Schools<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{wayback|url=http://gnomejournal.org/article/33/macedonia-deploys-5000-gnome-desktops-in-public-schools |date=20110430012010 }}</ref><ref>{{Citiraj web|url=http://www.ubuntu.com/news/macedonia-school-computers |title=Every Student in the Republic of Macedonia to Use Ubuntu-Powered Computer Workstations |publisher=Ubuntu |accessdate=2012-04-03}}</ref>Po novijim podacima 2009. je  broj računala sa  Ubuntu operativnim sustavom iznosio više od 180 000.<ref> Canonical Ltd. (November 2007). "Every Student in the Republic of North Macedonia to Use Ubuntu-Powered Computer Workstations". Archived from the original on 2009-04-03. Retrieved 2009-03-22.</ref>
* U makedonskim školama(486!) koristi se 5,000 Linux računala, operativni sustav Ubuntu .<ref>[http://gnomejournal.org/article/33/macedonia-deploys-5000-gnome-desktops-in-public-schools The GNOME Journal: Macedonia Deploys 5,000 GNOME Desktops in Public Schools<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{wayback|url=http://gnomejournal.org/article/33/macedonia-deploys-5000-gnome-desktops-in-public-schools |date=20110430012010 }}</ref><ref>{{Citiranje weba|url=http://www.ubuntu.com/news/macedonia-school-computers |title=Every Student in the Republic of Macedonia to Use Ubuntu-Powered Computer Workstations |publisher=Ubuntu |accessdate=2012-04-03}}</ref>Po novijim podacima 2009. je  broj računala sa  Ubuntu operativnim sustavom iznosio više od 180 000.<ref> Canonical Ltd. (November 2007). "Every Student in the Republic of North Macedonia to Use Ubuntu-Powered Computer Workstations". Archived from the original on 2009-04-03. Retrieved 2009-03-22.</ref>


==Kućna  primjena==
==Kućna  primjena==
* Sony's [[PlayStation 3]] sa [[hard disk]]om (20&nbsp;GB, 60&nbsp;GB ili 80&nbsp;GB)posebno je prilagođena lakoj instalacicji Linuxa.<ref>{{Citiraj web | url=http://www.gamespot.com/news/6162316.html?tag=result;title;0 | title=Yellow Dog Linux launches for PS3|accessdate=2007-08-29}}</ref> Međutim pod linuxom nisu dostupne sve mogućnosti sustava poput 3D grafike.<ref>{{Citiranje weba|url=http://en.opensuse.org/SDB:PS3|title=SDB:PS3 - openSUSE|website=en.opensuse.org|access-date=2016-07-06}}</ref>
* Sony's [[PlayStation 3]] sa [[hard disk]]om (20&nbsp;GB, 60&nbsp;GB ili 80&nbsp;GB)posebno je prilagođena lakoj instalacicji Linuxa.<ref>{{Citiranje weba | url=http://www.gamespot.com/news/6162316.html?tag=result;title;0 | title=Yellow Dog Linux launches for PS3|accessdate=2007-08-29}}</ref> Međutim pod linuxom nisu dostupne sve mogućnosti sustava poput 3D grafike.<ref>{{Citiranje weba|url=http://en.opensuse.org/SDB:PS3|title=SDB:PS3 - openSUSE|website=en.opensuse.org|access-date=2016-07-06}}</ref>
*  2008, brojni modeli[[netbook]] računala imali su  predinstaliran Linux Os, najčešće  prema hardveru nezahtjevne  distribucije  poput [[Xandrosa]] ili [[Linpusa]].<ref name="Economist04Dec08">{{cite news|url = http://www.economist.com/science/tq/displaystory.cfm?story_id=12673233|title = Small is beautiful|accessdate = 2008-12-27|last = The Economist|author-link = The Economist|authorlink = |date=December 2008}}</ref>
*  2008, brojni modeli[[netbook]] računala imali su  predinstaliran Linux Os, najčešće  prema hardveru nezahtjevne  distribucije  poput [[Xandrosa]] ili [[Linpusa]].<ref name="Economist04Dec08">{{Citiranje novina|url = http://www.economist.com/science/tq/displaystory.cfm?story_id=12673233|title = Small is beautiful|accessdate = 2008-12-27|last = The Economist|author-link = The Economist|authorlink = |date=December 2008}}</ref>
* Tijekom 2007 i 2008, Linux distribucije sa naglaskom na lakoću uporabe poput Ubuntua doživjele su porast popularnosti kod korisnika kućnih računala, čak su i neke tvrtkr poput [[Dell]]a, nudile modele sa preinstaliranim Ubuntu OS.<ref name="DellUbuntu">{{Citiraj web|url = http://www1.ca.dell.com/content/topics/segtopic.aspx/ubuntu?c=ca&cs=cadhs1&l=en&s=dhs|title = Ubuntu Keeps Getting Better|accessdate = 2008-12-27|last = Dell Inc|author-link = Dell Inc|authorlink = |year = 2008|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20090331105559/http://www1.ca.dell.com/content/topics/segtopic.aspx/ubuntu?c=ca&cs=cadhs1&l=en&s=dhs|archivedate = 31 ožujka 2009}}</ref>
* Tijekom 2007 i 2008, Linux distribucije sa naglaskom na lakoću uporabe poput Ubuntua doživjele su porast popularnosti kod korisnika kućnih računala, čak su i neke tvrtkr poput [[Dell]]a, nudile modele sa preinstaliranim Ubuntu OS.<ref name="DellUbuntu">{{Citiranje weba|url = http://www1.ca.dell.com/content/topics/segtopic.aspx/ubuntu?c=ca&cs=cadhs1&l=en&s=dhs|title = Ubuntu Keeps Getting Better|accessdate = 2008-12-27|last = Dell Inc|author-link = Dell Inc|authorlink = |year = 2008|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20090331105559/http://www1.ca.dell.com/content/topics/segtopic.aspx/ubuntu?c=ca&cs=cadhs1&l=en&s=dhs|archivedate = 31 ožujka 2009}}</ref>
* Godine 2011, [[Google]] je uveo svoje [[Chromebooks]], [[web thin client]] računala zasnovana na Linuxu, sustav je uključivao samo [[web browser]], [[file manager]] i [[Media player (software)|media player]]. Kao ekstenzija mogao se postaviti i [[Chrome Remote Desktop]] .Godine 2012 pojavio se prvi Chromebox,  desktop verzija Chromebooka. U 2013 Chromebook računala su činila oko 20-25%  udjela na tržištu laptopa jeftinijih od 300 USD.<ref>{{Citiraj web|url = http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/google/10173494/Google-Chromebook-sales-soar-in-face-of-PC-decline.html|title = Google Chromebook sales soar in face of PC decline|date = 11 July 2013|accessdate = 3 September 2013|website = [[Daily Telegraph]]|last = Williams|first = Rhiannon}}</ref>U 2016, Chromebooks računala činila su  58 % od 2.6 miliona mobilnih uređaja kupljenih za škole u SAD i oko 64 % tržišta ovih uređaja izvan SAD. Nasuprot ovom prodaja [[Apple Inc.|Apple]] tableta i laptopa školama u  SAD pala je u  istom razdoblju na 19 %, ista je  iznosila 52 % u godini 2012.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/02/technology/microsoft-google-educational-sales.html|title=Microsoft Looks to Regain Lost Ground in the Classroom|last=Wingfield|first=Nick|date=2017-05-02|work=The New York Times|access-date=2017-05-06|last2=Singer|first2=Natasha|issn=0362-4331}}</ref>Godine 2018. su u  mjesecu ožujku 60% laptopa kupljenih za  škole u SAD činila  Chromebook računala.<ref name="Ng">{{Citiraj web|url = https://www.cnet.com/news/how-google-chromebooks-became-the-go-to-laptop-for-security-experts/|title = How Chromebooks became the go-to laptops for security experts|accessdate = 29 March 2018|last = Ng|first = Alfred|work = [[CNet]]|date = 28 March 2018}}</ref>  
* Godine 2011, [[Google]] je uveo svoje [[Chromebooks]], [[web thin client]] računala zasnovana na Linuxu, sustav je uključivao samo [[web browser]], [[file manager]] i [[Media player (software)|media player]]. Kao ekstenzija mogao se postaviti i [[Chrome Remote Desktop]] .Godine 2012 pojavio se prvi Chromebox,  desktop verzija Chromebooka. U 2013 Chromebook računala su činila oko 20-25%  udjela na tržištu laptopa jeftinijih od 300 USD.<ref>{{Citiranje weba|url = http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/google/10173494/Google-Chromebook-sales-soar-in-face-of-PC-decline.html|title = Google Chromebook sales soar in face of PC decline|date = 11 July 2013|accessdate = 3 September 2013|website = [[Daily Telegraph]]|last = Williams|first = Rhiannon}}</ref>U 2016, Chromebooks računala činila su  58 % od 2.6 miliona mobilnih uređaja kupljenih za škole u SAD i oko 64 % tržišta ovih uređaja izvan SAD. Nasuprot ovom prodaja [[Apple Inc.|Apple]] tableta i laptopa školama u  SAD pala je u  istom razdoblju na 19 %, ista je  iznosila 52 % u godini 2012.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/02/technology/microsoft-google-educational-sales.html|title=Microsoft Looks to Regain Lost Ground in the Classroom|last=Wingfield|first=Nick|date=2017-05-02|work=The New York Times|access-date=2017-05-06|last2=Singer|first2=Natasha|issn=0362-4331}}</ref>Godine 2018. su u  mjesecu ožujku 60% laptopa kupljenih za  škole u SAD činila  Chromebook računala.<ref name="Ng">{{Citiranje weba|url = https://www.cnet.com/news/how-google-chromebooks-became-the-go-to-laptop-for-security-experts/|title = How Chromebooks became the go-to laptops for security experts|accessdate = 29 March 2018|last = Ng|first = Alfred|work = [[CNet]]|date = 28 March 2018}}</ref>  
* Android OS, kreiran od strane Googlea 2007,  namijenjen za smartphone i tablet računala je krajem 2013 pokrivao 80 % tržišta istih <ref name="CNET Android statistic">{{cite news|title=Android dominates 81 percent of world smartphone market|url=http://news.cnet.com/8301-1035_3-57612057-94/android-dominates-81-percent-of-world-smartphone-market/|accessdate=3 January 2014|newspaper=CNET|date=November 12, 2013}}</ref> i 60%  tablet računala;<ref name="Tablet market share by operating system">{{cite news|title=IDC estimates 221m tablets shipped in 2013; Android top with 61%, then iOS 35% and Windows 3%|url=http://thenextweb.com/mobile/2013/12/04/idc-estimates-221m-tablets-shipped-in-2013-android-top-with-61-then-ios-35-and-windows-3/#!rfaV5|accessdate=3 January 2014|newspaper=The Next Web|date=4 December 2013}}</ref>.
* Android OS, kreiran od strane Googlea 2007,  namijenjen za smartphone i tablet računala je krajem 2013 pokrivao 80 % tržišta istih <ref name="CNET Android statistic">{{Citiranje novina|title=Android dominates 81 percent of world smartphone market|url=http://news.cnet.com/8301-1035_3-57612057-94/android-dominates-81-percent-of-world-smartphone-market/|accessdate=3 January 2014|newspaper=CNET|date=November 12, 2013}}</ref> i 60%  tablet računala;<ref name="Tablet market share by operating system">{{Citiranje novina|title=IDC estimates 221m tablets shipped in 2013; Android top with 61%, then iOS 35% and Windows 3%|url=http://thenextweb.com/mobile/2013/12/04/idc-estimates-221m-tablets-shipped-in-2013-android-top-with-61-then-ios-35-and-windows-3/#!rfaV5|accessdate=3 January 2014|newspaper=The Next Web|date=4 December 2013}}</ref>.


* U ožujku 2014, Ubuntu OS je imao 22,000,000 korisnika.<ref name="Sneddon12Mar14">{{cite news|url = http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2014/03/ubuntu-phones-priced-at-200-400-dollars|title = Ubuntu Phones to Cost $200 to $400 — Can they be a Success at this Price?|accessdate = 15 March 2014|last = Sneddon|first = Joey-Elijah|date = 12 March 2014| work = OMG Ubuntu}}</ref>
* U ožujku 2014, Ubuntu OS je imao 22,000,000 korisnika.<ref name="Sneddon12Mar14">{{Citiranje novina|url = http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2014/03/ubuntu-phones-priced-at-200-400-dollars|title = Ubuntu Phones to Cost $200 to $400 — Can they be a Success at this Price?|accessdate = 15 March 2014|last = Sneddon|first = Joey-Elijah|date = 12 March 2014| work = OMG Ubuntu}}</ref>


==Znanstvene institucije==
==Znanstvene institucije==
[[Image:Roadrunner supercomputer HiRes.jpg|thumb|The [[IBM Roadrunner]],3. najbrže računalo an svijetu koristi Fedora OS i Red Hat Enterprise Linux]]
[[Image:Roadrunner supercomputer HiRes.jpg|thumb|The [[IBM Roadrunner]],3. najbrže računalo an svijetu koristi Fedora OS i Red Hat Enterprise Linux]]


* [[NASA]] j e odlučila da laptope na svojoj međunarodnoj svemirskoj stanici prebaci sa [[Windows XP]] na [[Debian]] 6.<ref name="NASA_ISS_1">{{Citiraj web
* [[NASA]] j e odlučila da laptope na svojoj međunarodnoj svemirskoj stanici prebaci sa [[Windows XP]] na [[Debian]] 6.<ref name="NASA_ISS_1">{{Citiranje weba
|url=http://phys.org/news/2013-05-international-space-station-laptop-migration.html
|url=http://phys.org/news/2013-05-international-space-station-laptop-migration.html
|title=International Space Station making laptop migration from Windows XP to Debian 6
|title=International Space Station making laptop migration from Windows XP to Debian 6
Redak 133: Redak 133:
|date=2013-05-12
|date=2013-05-12
|accessdate=2013-05-24
|accessdate=2013-05-24
}}</ref><ref name="NASA_ISS_2">{{Citiraj web
}}</ref><ref name="NASA_ISS_2">{{Citiranje weba
|url=http://www.zdnet.com/to-the-space-station-and-beyond-with-linux-7000014958/
|url=http://www.zdnet.com/to-the-space-station-and-beyond-with-linux-7000014958/
|title=To the space station and beyond with Linux
|title=To the space station and beyond with Linux
Redak 141: Redak 141:
|accessdate=2013-11-13
|accessdate=2013-11-13
}}</ref>
}}</ref>
* [[CERN]] i [[Fermilab]] koriste [[Scientific Linux]] <ref name="CT18Nov10">{{Cite news|url = http://www.conceivablytech.com/4175/products/570-mp-camera-may-unveil-the-universes-big-secret-of-gravity/|title = 570 MP Camera May Unveil The Universe’s Big Secret Of Gravity|accessdate = 14 November 2010|last = Gruener|first = Wolfgang|authorlink = |date=November 2010| work = ConceivablyTech}}</ref> na 20,000 internih servera CERN-a<ref name="FSM13Aug08">{{Citiraj web|url = http://www.freesoftwaremagazine.com/columns/large_hadron_collider_switches_if_its_end_world_it_will_be_powered_gnu_linux|title = The Large Hadron Collider switches on. If it's the end of the world, it will be powered by GNU/Linux|accessdate = 2009-01-10|last = Richmond|first = Gary|authorlink = |date=January 2009}}</ref>
* [[CERN]] i [[Fermilab]] koriste [[Scientific Linux]] <ref name="CT18Nov10">{{Cite news|url = http://www.conceivablytech.com/4175/products/570-mp-camera-may-unveil-the-universes-big-secret-of-gravity/|title = 570 MP Camera May Unveil The Universe’s Big Secret Of Gravity|accessdate = 14 November 2010|last = Gruener|first = Wolfgang|authorlink = |date=November 2010| work = ConceivablyTech}}</ref> na 20,000 internih servera CERN-a<ref name="FSM13Aug08">{{Citiranje weba|url = http://www.freesoftwaremagazine.com/columns/large_hadron_collider_switches_if_its_end_world_it_will_be_powered_gnu_linux|title = The Large Hadron Collider switches on. If it's the end of the world, it will be powered by GNU/Linux|accessdate = 2009-01-10|last = Richmond|first = Gary|authorlink = |date=January 2009}}</ref>


* [[Internet Archive]] na stotinama svojih servera koristi Linux.<ref name="InterentArchiveFAQ">{{Citiraj web|url = http://www.archive.org/about/faqs.php#10|title = Internet Archive - Frequently Asked Questions|accessdate = 2009-07-23|last = Internet Archive|author-link = Internet Archive|authorlink = |date=July 2009}}</ref>
* [[Internet Archive]] na stotinama svojih servera koristi Linux.<ref name="InterentArchiveFAQ">{{Citiranje weba|url = http://www.archive.org/about/faqs.php#10|title = Internet Archive - Frequently Asked Questions|accessdate = 2009-07-23|last = Internet Archive|author-link = Internet Archive|authorlink = |date=July 2009}}</ref>


==Vanjske poveznice==
==Vanjske poveznice==
==Izvori==
==Izvori==
[[Kategorija:Linux]]
[[Kategorija:Linux]]

Posljednja izmjena od 7. svibanj 2022. u 09:00

Popis organizacija koje koriste Linux OS
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Francuski je parlament 2007. prešao na Ubuntu Linux operativni sustav


Popis organizacija koje koriste Linux OS je popis privatnih i vladinih organizacija koje su sa drugih operativnih sustava prešle na Linux operativni sustav.

Vladine organizacije

Kada neka vlada uslijed okolnosti dođe pod pritisak organizacija poput World Trade Organization i International Intellectual Property Alliance, izlaz iz ove situacije neki vide u prijelazu na Linux operativni sustav te slobodni software, kao na dostižnu i sa legalnog stanovišta prihvatljivu zamjenu za piratski software i skupe proizvode tvrtki kao što su Microsoft, Apple te druge komercijalno orijentirane tvrtke. Posebno je ovo često u zemljema sa velikim brojem kvalitetnih informatičkih stručnjaka, kao što su Indija i Pakistan - obje ove zemlje ne mogu si priuštiti ulaganja u skupe tehnološke projekte visoko razvijenih zapadnih zemalja. No nije samo faktor cijene ono što vladine organizacije usmjerava na prijelaz na Linux, vrlo je važna i njegova stabilnost te stabilnost i otvorenost izvornog koda, tako da su i neke europske i sjevernoameričke vladine organizacije i institucije također počele koristiti Linux OS.[1][2][3][4][5][6]

Afrika

  • South African Social Security Agency (SASSA) koristi Linux.[7]

Azija

Istok

  • Narodna republika Kina koristi Linux OS za svojue Loongson procesore, kako bi bila tehnološki što nezavisnija.[8]
  • Kylin OS, koristi ga kineska vojska, prvo na FreeBSD osnovi, od inačice 3.0, baziran na Linuxu.[9][10]
  • Državna kineska industrijsko komercijalna banka je instalirala LInux kod svih svojih 20,000 predstavništava. (2005)[11]

Zapad

  • Godine 2003, turska je vlada odlučila kreirati vlastitu Linux distribuciju Pardus, razvijenu na Nacionalnom istraživačkom institutu za elektroniku i kriptologiju. Prva verzije Pardus 1.0, službeno je najavljena 27 prosinca 2005.[12]

Sjever

  • Godine 2010, Vladimir Putin potpisao je plan da vlada ruske federacije do 2012.pređe na slobodni software, uključujući Linux OS.[13][14]

Jug

  • Vlada indijske države Kerala najavila je 2001. svoju službenu podršku slobodnom softwareu te otvorenom kodu.[15] , ovaj je dokuiment obznanjen na prvoj konferenciji o slobodnom softwareu u Indiji "Freedom First!", održanom u srpnju 2001 u Trivandrumu, glavnom gradu Kerale, gdje je i Richard Stallman prisustvovao osnovanju Free Software Foundation of India.[16]
  • Godine 2014, sa krajem podrške za Windows XP, vlada indijske države Tamil Nadu prešla je na Linux OS BOSS Linux (Bharat Operating System Solutions).[17]

Europa

Austrija

  • Glavni grad Beč prešao je na vlastitu na debianu baziranu Linux inačicu Wienux.[18] Projekt je u međuvremenu propao, jer je potreban software bio inkopatibilan sa Linuxom.[19]

Češka republika

Francuska

  • Francuska žandarmerija je sa Windows XP prešla na Ubuntu OS 2007 .[22][23][24]
  • Francusko ministarstvo poljoprivrede koristi Mandriva Linux.[24]
  • Francuski parlament od 2007. koristi Ubuntu OS.[25][26] No od 2012, zastupnici mogu birati žele li koristiti Windows ili Linux.[27]

Njemačka

  • Gradska vlada Muenchena je od 2003. počela prelazak na Linux OS na debianu zasnovan LiMux.[28] ,[29] [30][31] Krajem 2011. 9000 računala gradske vlade koristilo je Linux OS.[32] Sukladno izvještaju iz 2012. grad je uštedio 11 000 000 eura.[33] Nedavno je najavljeno da bi se trebali vratiti na Windows sustav, prije svega zbog kompatibilnosti jer u ostatku Njemačke se koriste Windowsi, te zbog skupoće programerskih poslova. No činjenica je da su uštedjeli 11 000 000 USD.[34] No neki promatrači smatraju da, kao Silviu Stahie (Softpedia), je ovo prije svega političko a ne tehničko pitanje, te da je tu nesumnjivu ulogu imao i Microsoft.[35]
  • Federalna agencija za zapošljavanje je svojih 13,000 računala prebacila sa Windows NT na OpenSuse.[36]

Island

  • Island je u ožujku 2012 odlučio da želi da javne institucije pređu na open source software . Škole su već prešle sa Windowsa na Ubuntu Linux.[37]

Makedonija

  • Ministarstvo obrazovanja i znanosti Makedonije na svojih više od 180,000 računala koristi Ubuntu OS.[38]

Nizozemska

  • Nizozemska policija za svoju Internet Research and Investigation Network (iRN) koristi samo slobodni softwateree otvorenog koda, i to od 2003. Koriste 2200 računala sa Ubuntu OS.[39]

Rumunjska

  • RATB, državno sponzorirana prevoznička tvrtka iz Bukurešta koristi liNUX os ZVAN "C90++ (Benny)" .[nedostaje izvor]
  • ROMATSA, Rumunjska administracija za zračni promet koristi Ubuntu OS na svojim simulatorima letenja.[nedostaje izvor]

Rusija

  • Godine 2014, Rusija je najavila da planira koristiti Linux OS za potrebe ministarstva zdravlja, kao protumjeru sankcijama vezanim uz aneksiju Krima, te kao bi oštetila američke korporacije poput Microsofta.[40]Godine 2018.Rusija je najavila da će početi koristiti Astra Linux.[41]

Španjolska

  • Istaknuta je još 2003. kao zemlja koja je otišla najdalje u prihvaćanju Linux OS,[42], primjer je njihova distribucija LinEx

Obrazovanje

Edubuntu CD kit

Linux se često koristi u tehničkim disciplinama na univerzitetima i u istraživačkim centrima. Prije svega zbog besplatne instalacije, te velike količine slobodnog softwarea. IBM vodi reklamnu kampanju pod naslovom Linux in education.

Primjeri masovnije primjene Linuxa u obrazovanju:

  • OLPC XO-1 (prvo znan kao MIT $100 laptop i The Children's Machine), je jeftini laptop koji koristi Linux OS, te je trebao biti dostavljen milionima djece u zemljama u razvoju, kao dio One Laptop Per Child projekta.
  • Linux se može koristiti i na Raspberry Pi jednopločnim računalima - koja su pak prvotno i razvijena za edukacijske svrhe(no danas se uporaba raširila i na druga područja primjene).

Europa

Njemačka

  • Najavljeno je da će 560,000 njemačkih studenta, sa 33 univerziteta prijeći na Linux OS.[43]
  • Godine 2012, Leibniz-Rechenzentrum (Leibniz Supercomputing Centre) (LRZ) Bavarske akademije znanosti i umjetnosti predstavio je SuperMUC, četvrto najjače računalo na svijetu. Računalo je zasnovano na x86- osnovi te ima 155,000 procesorskih jezgri, te brzinu od 3 (petaflops of processing power?) i 324 terabita RAM-a. Kao operativni sustav koristi SUSE Linux Enterprise Server.[44]

Italija

Sjeverna Makedonija

  • U makedonskim školama(486!) koristi se 5,000 Linux računala, operativni sustav Ubuntu .[46][47]Po novijim podacima 2009. je broj računala sa Ubuntu operativnim sustavom iznosio više od 180 000.[48]

Kućna primjena

  • Sony's PlayStation 3 sa hard diskom (20 GB, 60 GB ili 80 GB)posebno je prilagođena lakoj instalacicji Linuxa.[49] Međutim pod linuxom nisu dostupne sve mogućnosti sustava poput 3D grafike.[50]
  • 2008, brojni modelinetbook računala imali su predinstaliran Linux Os, najčešće prema hardveru nezahtjevne distribucije poput Xandrosa ili Linpusa.[51]
  • Tijekom 2007 i 2008, Linux distribucije sa naglaskom na lakoću uporabe poput Ubuntua doživjele su porast popularnosti kod korisnika kućnih računala, čak su i neke tvrtkr poput Della, nudile modele sa preinstaliranim Ubuntu OS.[52]
  • Godine 2011, Google je uveo svoje Chromebooks, web thin client računala zasnovana na Linuxu, sustav je uključivao samo web browser, file manager i media player. Kao ekstenzija mogao se postaviti i Chrome Remote Desktop .Godine 2012 pojavio se prvi Chromebox, desktop verzija Chromebooka. U 2013 Chromebook računala su činila oko 20-25% udjela na tržištu laptopa jeftinijih od 300 USD.[53]U 2016, Chromebooks računala činila su 58 % od 2.6 miliona mobilnih uređaja kupljenih za škole u SAD i oko 64 % tržišta ovih uređaja izvan SAD. Nasuprot ovom prodaja Apple tableta i laptopa školama u SAD pala je u istom razdoblju na 19 %, ista je iznosila 52 % u godini 2012.[54]Godine 2018. su u mjesecu ožujku 60% laptopa kupljenih za škole u SAD činila Chromebook računala.[55]
  • Android OS, kreiran od strane Googlea 2007, namijenjen za smartphone i tablet računala je krajem 2013 pokrivao 80 % tržišta istih [56] i 60% tablet računala;[57].
  • U ožujku 2014, Ubuntu OS je imao 22,000,000 korisnika.[58]

Znanstvene institucije

The IBM Roadrunner,3. najbrže računalo an svijetu koristi Fedora OS i Red Hat Enterprise Linux

Vanjske poveznice

Izvori

  1. ↑ "Georgia Tech Research Institute Will Lead $10 Million Department of Homeland Security Open Cyber Security Initiative". Georgia Tech Research Institute. http://www.gtri.gatech.edu/casestudy/gtri-lead-10-million-department-homeland-security- Pristupljeno 14. listopad 2011. 
  2. ↑ "DHS, Georgia Tech seek to improve security with open-source tools". Government Computer News. 1. srpanj 2011.. http://gcn.com/articles/2011/07/01/georgia-tech-dhs-open-source-security.aspx?admgarea=TC_NETCOMMSYS Pristupljeno 14. listopad 2011. 
  3. ↑ "Georgia Tech Research Institute Leads $10 M Open Source Initiative". Georgia Institute of Technology. 17. svibanj 2011.. http://www.gatech.edu/newsroom/release.html?nid=66210 Pristupljeno 14. listopad 2011. 
  4. ↑ Hsu, Jeremy (26. svibanj 2011.). "U.S. Considers Open-Source Software for Cybersecurity". MSNBC. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/43182037/ns/technology_and_science-innovation/t/us-considers-open-source-software-cybersecurity/#.TpfUb0wf64Y Pristupljeno 14. listopad 2011. 
  5. ↑ Wheeler, David A (21. kolovoz 2013.). "What is open security?". Institute for Defense Analyses. Open Security. http://open-sec.org/images/whitepapers/open-security-definition-2013-08-21.pdf Pristupljeno 7. rujan 2013. 
  6. ↑ "Open Security Foundation". Open Security Foundation. http://www.opensecurityfoundation.org/ Pristupljeno 21. lipanj 2011. 
  7. ↑ "SASSA cuts costs and improves service delivery in rural areas with Novell and Userful Multiplier". Omni Technology Solutions. lipanj 2009. http://www.omni-ts.com/newsroom/linux-desktops-government.html Pristupljeno 25. lipanj 2009. 
  8. ↑ "China’s Microprocessor Dilemma". Microprocessor Report. http://www.mdronline.com/watch/watch_Issue.asp?Volname=Issue+%23110308&on=1 Pristupljeno 15. travanj 2009. 
  9. ↑ "Kylin Operating System of superior performance developed". english.chinamil.com.cn. Inačica izvorne stranice arhivirana 3. prosinac 2013.. http://english.chinamil.com.cn/site2/columns/2006-02/14/content_420257.htm Pristupljeno 21. kolovoz 2014. 
  10. ↑ "麒麟Linux安全操作系统3.0版" (Chinese). www.kylin-os.com. 18. svibanj 2009.. Inačica izvorne stranice arhivirana 18 svibnja 2009. http://www.kylin-os.com/products/os/index.html Pristupljeno 1 srpnja 2016 
  11. ↑ "Microsoft Fights Piracy In China, Linux Wins". InformationWeek. http://informationweek.com/story/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=170700943 Pristupljeno 10. kolovoz 2015. 
  12. ↑ UEKAE. "Why Pardus?". UEKAE. Inačica izvorne stranice arhivirana 24 srpnja 2011. http://www.uekae.tubitak.gov.tr/home.do?ot=1&sid=578&pid=547 Pristupljeno 28. lipanj 2009. 
  13. ↑ "CNews:Открытое ПО - Open Source". CNews.ru. http://open.cnews.ru/news/top/index.shtml?2010/12/27/421556 Pristupljeno 10. kolovoz 2015. 
  14. ↑ "open...". opendotdotdot.blogspot.com. http://opendotdotdot.blogspot.com/2010/12/putin-orders-russian-move-to-gnulinux.html Pristupljeno 10. kolovoz 2015. 
  15. ↑ ""Role of Open or Free Software", Section 15, page 20, of the State IT Policy (2001) of the Government of Kerala, copy available at the UN Public Administration Network (UNPAN) site". http://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/apcity/unpan002950.pdf 
  16. ↑ "Press release from GNU Project, July 2001". https://www.gnu.org/press/2001-07-20-FSF-India.html 
  17. ↑ Kumar, N Ravi (18. ožujak 2014.). "TN state departments asked to switch over to open source software". The Hindu. http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/tn-state-departments-asked-to-switch-over-to-open-source-software/article5799039.ece Pristupljeno 20. ožujak 2014. 
  18. ↑ "Latest Topics". ZDNet. http://news.zdnet.co.uk/software/linuxunix/0,39020390,39185440,00.htm Pristupljeno 10. kolovoz 2015. 
  19. ↑ Mobily, Tony (9. lipanj 2008.). "Vienna failed to migrate to GNU/Linux: why?". freesoftwaremagazine.com. http://www.freesoftwaremagazine.com/columns/vienna_failed_to_migrate_to_linux_why Pristupljeno 26. rujan 2010. 
  20. ↑ European Communities (veljača 2005). "EUROPA - IDABC - Czech post successfully migrates to Linux". http://ec.europa.eu/idabc/jsps/documents/dsp_showPrinterDocument.jsp?docID=3846&lg=en Pristupljeno 14. listopad 2005.  [neaktivna poveznica]
  21. ↑ "Latest Topics". ZDNet. http://news.zdnet.co.uk/software/0,1000000121,39186055,00.htm Pristupljeno 10. kolovoz 2015. 
  22. ↑ Ryan, Justin (ožujak 2009). "Open Source Leads Gendarme to Arrest Spending". http://www.linuxjournal.com/content/open-source-leads-gendarme-arrest-spending Pristupljeno 12. ožujak 2009. 
  23. ↑ "Gendarmerie saves millions with open desktop and web applications". Open Source Observatory. 6. ožujak 2009.. http://www.osor.eu/news/fr-gendarmerie-saves-millions-with-open-desktop-and-web-applications Pristupljeno 20. veljača 2011. 
  24. ↑ 24,0 24,1 Paul, Ryan (ožujak 2009). "French police: we saved millions of euros by adopting Ubuntu". http://arstechnica.com/open-source/news/2009/03/french-police-saves-millions-of-euros-by-adopting-ubuntu.ars Pristupljeno 12. ožujak 2009. 
  25. ↑ French parliament dumping Windows for Linux | Tech News on ZDNet Arhivirano na web stranici Wayback Machine (srpanj 6, 2008) (engl.)
  26. ↑ IDABC (srpanj 2008). "Fr: 'Members of Parliament have easily adapted to Open Source desktop'". Inačica izvorne stranice arhivirana 2 kolovoza 2008. http://ec.europa.eu/idabc/en/document/7712 Pristupljeno 4. srpanj 2008. 
  27. ↑ "Les prochains députés devront choisir entre Ubuntu et Windows (French language)". Next INpact. lipanj 2012. http://www.pcinpact.com/news/71556-ubuntu-windows-assemblee-nationale-deputes.htm Pristupljeno 16. travanj 2014. 
  28. ↑ "Latest Topics". ZDNet. http://news.zdnet.co.uk/0,39020330,39195204,00.htm Pristupljeno 10. kolovoz 2015. 
  29. ↑ Florian Schießl, deputy project manager (22. travanj 2008.). "Zwei Jahre freie Software in München" (PDF). http://www.muenchen.de/cms/prod2/mde/_de/rubriken/Rathaus/40_dir/limux/01_ueberblick/OCA_LiMux_2008_11_12.pdf  [neaktivna poveznica]
  30. ↑ "Munich conversion count timeline". prosinac 2009. Inačica izvorne stranice arhivirana 20 siječnja 2010. http://limuxwatch.blogspot.com/2009/01/munich-conversion-count-timeline.html Pristupljeno 20. veljača 2011. 
  31. ↑ "Official LiMux page". http://www.muenchen.de/Rathaus/dir/limux/english/147197/index.html Pristupljeno 20. veljača 2011. 
  32. ↑ Reed, Michael (2. siječanj 2012.). "Munich Linux Migration Project LiMux Reports Success". Linux Journal. http://www.linuxjournal.com/content/limux-munich-linux-migration-project-reports-success Pristupljeno 8. siječanj 2012. 
  33. ↑ "Switching to Linux saves Munich over €11 million ( - Software - Government )". News.idg.no. http://news.idg.no/cw/art.cfm?id=6785E7D1-E65A-02ED-EC3FF32BA04117C0 Pristupljeno 21. ožujak 2013. 
  34. ↑ Linux-on-the-desktop pioneer Munich now considering a switch back to Windows, Arstechnica - retrieved August 19, 2014
  35. ↑ "Munich Switching to Windows from Linux Is Proof That Microsoft Is Still an Evil Company". News.softpedia.com. http://news.softpedia.com/news/Munich-Switching-to-Windows-from-Linux-Is-Proof-that-Microsoft-Is-Still-an-Evil-Company-455510.shtml Pristupljeno 21. kolovoz 2014. 
  36. ↑ heise online - Federal Employment Office switches to Linux Arhivirano na web stranici Wayback Machine (ožujak 17, 2009) (engl.)
  37. ↑ "Linux News: Community: Iceland Has the Hots for FOSS". Linuxinsider.com. http://www.linuxinsider.com/rsstory/74715.html Pristupljeno 3. travanj 2012. 
  38. ↑ Canonical Ltd. (studeni 2007). "Every Student in the Republic of Macedonia to Use Ubuntu-Powered Computer Workstations". http://www.ubuntu.com/news/macedonia-school-computers Pristupljeno 22. ožujak 2009. 
  39. ↑ Hillenius, Gijs (12. prosinac 2013.). "'Open source only' at Dutch police Internet forensics". European Commission. https://joinup.ec.europa.eu/community/osor/news/open-source-only-dutch-police-internet-forensics Pristupljeno 12. prosinac 2013. 
  40. ↑ "Russian Ministry of Health to Replace Microsoft and Oracle Products with Linux and PostgreSQL". News.softpedia.com. http://news.softpedia.com/news/Russian-Ministry-of-Health-to-Replace-Microsoft-and-Oracle-Product-with-Linux-and-PostgreSQL-453909.shtml Pristupljeno 9. kolovoz 2014. 
  41. ↑ Cimpanu, Catalin. "Russian military moves closer to replacing Windows with Astra Linux". ZDNet. Retrieved 6 June 2019.
  42. ↑ "Linux in Spain". lwn.net. http://lwn.net/Articles/41738/ Pristupljeno 10. kolovoz 2015. 
  43. ↑ "German universities migrate to Linux". ComputerWeekly. http://www.computerweekly.com/Articles/2007/08/28/226420/german-universities-migrate-to-linux.htm Pristupljeno 10. kolovoz 2015. 
  44. ↑ Paul, Ryan. "SUSE Linux powers 147,456-core German supercomputer". Ars Technica. http://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2012/07/suse-linux-powers-147456-core-german-supercomputer/ Pristupljeno 27. srpanj 2012. 
  45. ↑ "Benvenuti in FUSS!". fuss.bz.it. http://www.fuss.bz.it/ Pristupljeno 10. kolovoz 2015. 
  46. ↑ The GNOME Journal: Macedonia Deploys 5,000 GNOME Desktops in Public Schools Arhivirano na web stranici Wayback Machine (travanj 30, 2011) (engl.)
  47. ↑ "Every Student in the Republic of Macedonia to Use Ubuntu-Powered Computer Workstations". Ubuntu. http://www.ubuntu.com/news/macedonia-school-computers Pristupljeno 3. travanj 2012. 
  48. ↑ Canonical Ltd. (November 2007). "Every Student in the Republic of North Macedonia to Use Ubuntu-Powered Computer Workstations". Archived from the original on 2009-04-03. Retrieved 2009-03-22.
  49. ↑ "Yellow Dog Linux launches for PS3". http://www.gamespot.com/news/6162316.html?tag=result;title;0 Pristupljeno 29. kolovoz 2007. 
  50. ↑ "SDB:PS3 - openSUSE". http://en.opensuse.org/SDB:PS3 Pristupljeno 6. srpanj 2016. 
  51. ↑ The Economist (prosinac 2008). "Small is beautiful". http://www.economist.com/science/tq/displaystory.cfm?story_id=12673233 Pristupljeno 27. prosinac 2008. 
  52. ↑ Dell Inc (2008). "Ubuntu Keeps Getting Better". Inačica izvorne stranice arhivirana 31 ožujka 2009. http://www1.ca.dell.com/content/topics/segtopic.aspx/ubuntu?c=ca&cs=cadhs1&l=en&s=dhs Pristupljeno 27. prosinac 2008. 
  53. ↑ Williams, Rhiannon (11. srpanj 2013.). "Google Chromebook sales soar in face of PC decline". http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/google/10173494/Google-Chromebook-sales-soar-in-face-of-PC-decline.html Pristupljeno 3. rujan 2013. 
  54. ↑ Wingfield, Nick; Singer, Natasha (2. svibanj 2017.). "Microsoft Looks to Regain Lost Ground in the Classroom". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/02/technology/microsoft-google-educational-sales.html Pristupljeno 6. svibanj 2017. 
  55. ↑ Ng, Alfred (28. ožujak 2018.). "How Chromebooks became the go-to laptops for security experts". CNet. https://www.cnet.com/news/how-google-chromebooks-became-the-go-to-laptop-for-security-experts/ Pristupljeno 29. ožujak 2018. 
  56. ↑ "Android dominates 81 percent of world smartphone market". CNET. 12. studeni 2013.. http://news.cnet.com/8301-1035_3-57612057-94/android-dominates-81-percent-of-world-smartphone-market/ Pristupljeno 3. siječanj 2014. 
  57. ↑ "IDC estimates 221m tablets shipped in 2013; Android top with 61%, then iOS 35% and Windows 3%". The Next Web. 4. prosinac 2013.. http://thenextweb.com/mobile/2013/12/04/idc-estimates-221m-tablets-shipped-in-2013-android-top-with-61-then-ios-35-and-windows-3/#!rfaV5 Pristupljeno 3. siječanj 2014. 
  58. ↑ Sneddon, Joey-Elijah (12. ožujak 2014.). "Ubuntu Phones to Cost $200 to $400 — Can they be a Success at this Price?". OMG Ubuntu. http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2014/03/ubuntu-phones-priced-at-200-400-dollars Pristupljeno 15. ožujak 2014. 
  59. ↑ Nancy Owano (12. svibanj 2013.). "International Space Station making laptop migration from Windows XP to Debian 6". Phys.org. http://phys.org/news/2013-05-international-space-station-laptop-migration.html Pristupljeno 24. svibanj 2013. 
  60. ↑ Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols (6. svibanj 2013.). "To the space station and beyond with Linux". ZDnet. http://www.zdnet.com/to-the-space-station-and-beyond-with-linux-7000014958/ Pristupljeno 13. studeni 2013. 
  61. ↑ Gruener, Wolfgang (studeni 2010). "570 MP Camera May Unveil The Universe’s Big Secret Of Gravity". ConceivablyTech. http://www.conceivablytech.com/4175/products/570-mp-camera-may-unveil-the-universes-big-secret-of-gravity/ Pristupljeno 14. studeni 2010. 
  62. ↑ Richmond, Gary (siječanj 2009). "The Large Hadron Collider switches on. If it's the end of the world, it will be powered by GNU/Linux". http://www.freesoftwaremagazine.com/columns/large_hadron_collider_switches_if_its_end_world_it_will_be_powered_gnu_linux Pristupljeno 10. siječanj 2009. 
  63. ↑ Internet Archive (srpanj 2009). "Internet Archive - Frequently Asked Questions". http://www.archive.org/about/faqs.php#10 Pristupljeno 23. srpanj 2009. 
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