Seks-simbol

Prema BBC-u, "Marilyn Monroe jedna je od najdugovječnijih holivudskih seks-simbola".^[1]

Seks-simbol je naziv za poznatu osobu ili izmišljeni lik koji je općenito smatran veoma seksualno privlačnim.^[2]

Povijest

Termin "seks-simbol" (engl. "sex symbol") prvi je puta korišten sredinom 1950-ih godina vezano uz popularnost nekih filmskih zvijezda i pin-up modela, kao što su Marilyn Monroe, Brigitte Bardot i Raquel Welch.^[3] Ovaj koncept odraz je veće seksualne i ekonomske emancipacije žena nakon Drugog svjetskog rata.^[2]

U 20. stoljeću seks-simboli mogli su biti i muškarci i žene: glumci Sessue Hayakawa i Douglas Fairbanks bili su popularni 1910-ih i 1920-ih godina. Smrt talijanskog glumca Rudolpha Valentina 1926. godine izazvala je masovnu histeriju među njegovim obožavateljima.^[4]^[5] Mnogi su holivudski glumci smatrani seks-simbolima; npr. Errol Flynn, Gary Cooper i Clark Gable. Imidž tzv. "zločestog dečka" utjelovljen je u mnogim poznatim glumcima, kao što su James Dean i Marlon Brando.^[6] U svojoj posmrtnici Elvisu Presleyju, Lester Bangs naveo je da je Elvis "čovjek koji je uveo otvorenu, besramnu, vulgarnu seksualnu pomamu u popularnu umjetnost u Americi"^[7] kroz svoje sugestivne plesne pokrete.

Fiktivni seks-simboli

Rotten Tomatoes navodi da je Betty Boop, crtani lik iz 1930-ih, "prvi i najpoznatiji seks-simbol na animiranom ekranu".^[8] Jessica Rabbit iz filma Tko je smjestio zeki Rogeru i Toot Braunstein iz televizijske serije Drawn Together također su smatrane seks-simbolima.^[9]^[10]

Likovi koji su smatrani seks-simbolima pojavili su se i u videoigrama (npr. Lara Croft, Rayne i Nina Williams).^[11]^[12]^[13]^[14] Rayne, protagonistica videoigara BloodRayne, prvi je lik iz videoigre koji se pojavio u Playboyu.^[15]

Izvori

↑ "BBC World Service – Witness, The Death of Marilyn Monroe". BBC. https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/p00w1zk0/Witness_The_Death_of_Marilyn_Monroe/ Pristupljeno 30. prosinca 2014.
↑ ^2,0 ^2,1 Pam Cook, "The trouble with sex: Diana Dors and the Blonde bombshell phenomenon", Bruce Babinigton (ed.), British Stars and Stardom: From Alma Taylor to Sean Connery, str. 169–171. Citat: "– the sex symbol is usually defined in terms of her excessive sexuality"
↑ Flexner, Stuart Berg; Soukhanov, Anne H. (1997.). Speaking freely: a guided tour of American English from Plymouth Rock to Silicon Valley. Oxford University Press. str. 373. ISBN 978-0-19-510692-3
↑ Hutchinson, Pamela (22. veljače 2016.). "Last of the red-hot myths: what gossip over Rudolph Valentino's sex life says about the silents". The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/film/2016/feb/22/silent-but-deadly-rudolph-valentino-ken-russell-film-blu-ray Pristupljeno 12. prosinca 2017.
↑ "The Queen at 90: The key events of 1926, in pictures". The DailyTelegraph. 21. travnja 2016.. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/04/21/the-queen-at-90-the-key-events-of-1926-in-pictures/hollywood-heart-throb-rudolph-valentino-died-unexpectedly-at-the/ Pristupljeno 12. prosinca 2017.
↑ Weinberg, Thomas S.; Newmahr, Staci, ed. (2014). Selves, Symbols, and Sexualities: An Interactionist Anthology: An Interactionist Anthology. Los Angeles: Sage Publications. ISBN 978-1483323893
↑ Rodman 1996., str. 58–59.
↑ "Betty Boop: Boop Oop a Doop". Rottentomatoes.com. http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/betty_boop_boop_oop_a_doop/ Pristupljeno 30. prosinca 2014.
↑ "Amanda Knox Is Like Jessica Rabbit". Sky News. 27. rujna 2011.. https://news.sky.com/story/amanda-knox-is-like-jessica-rabbit-10485528
↑ Keith Booker, M. (2006.). Drawn to Television: Prime-time Animation from the Flintstones to Family Guy. ISBN 9780275990190. https://books.google.com/?id=EGtTOAGYSWQC&pg=PA158&lpg=PA158&dq=toot+braunstein+sex+symbol#v=onepage&q=toot%20braunstein%20sex%20symbol&f=false
↑ Barboza, David (19. siječnja 1998.). "Video World Is Smitten by a Gun-Toting, Tomb-Raiding Sex Symbol". The New York Times. https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9504E1DF1238F93AA25752C0A96E958260
↑ "Channel 4 Top 100 Sex Symbols internet poll". Channel4.com. http://www.channel4.com/film/newsfeatures/microsites/S/sexsymbols/results/10-1.html Pristupljeno 18. svibnja 2012.
↑ "Boom Raider". Telegraph (London). https://www.telegraph.co.uk/opinion/main.jhtml?xml=/opinion/2001/06/24/do10.xml Pristupljeno 5. ožujka 2008.
↑ Limited, Guinness World Records (2008.). Guinness World Records, Gamers Edition 2008. str. 81.. ISBN 978-1-904994-20-6
↑ "AT's Top 10 Video Game Chicks". Actiontrip. Inačica izvorne stranice arhivirana 22. kolovoza 2016.. http://www.actiontrip.com/features/atstop10videogamechicks.phtml Pristupljeno 2. prosinca 2007.

[1] "BBC World Service – Witness, The Death of Marilyn Monroe". BBC. https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/p00w1zk0/Witness_The_Death_of_Marilyn_Monroe/ Pristupljeno 30. prosinca 2014.

[pam-2] 2,0 ^2,1 Pam Cook, "The trouble with sex: Diana Dors and the Blonde bombshell phenomenon", Bruce Babinigton (ed.), British Stars and Stardom: From Alma Taylor to Sean Connery, str. 169–171. Citat: "– the sex symbol is usually defined in terms of her excessive sexuality"

[Flexner-3] Flexner, Stuart Berg; Soukhanov, Anne H. (1997.). Speaking freely: a guided tour of American English from Plymouth Rock to Silicon Valley. Oxford University Press. str. 373. ISBN 978-0-19-510692-3

[4] Hutchinson, Pamela (22. veljače 2016.). "Last of the red-hot myths: what gossip over Rudolph Valentino's sex life says about the silents". The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/film/2016/feb/22/silent-but-deadly-rudolph-valentino-ken-russell-film-blu-ray Pristupljeno 12. prosinca 2017.

[5] "The Queen at 90: The key events of 1926, in pictures". The DailyTelegraph. 21. travnja 2016.. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/04/21/the-queen-at-90-the-key-events-of-1926-in-pictures/hollywood-heart-throb-rudolph-valentino-died-unexpectedly-at-the/ Pristupljeno 12. prosinca 2017.

[6] Weinberg, Thomas S.; Newmahr, Staci, ed. (2014). Selves, Symbols, and Sexualities: An Interactionist Anthology: An Interactionist Anthology. Los Angeles: Sage Publications. ISBN 978-1483323893

[7] Rodman 1996., str. 58–59.

[8] "Betty Boop: Boop Oop a Doop". Rottentomatoes.com. http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/betty_boop_boop_oop_a_doop/ Pristupljeno 30. prosinca 2014.

[9] "Amanda Knox Is Like Jessica Rabbit". Sky News. 27. rujna 2011.. https://news.sky.com/story/amanda-knox-is-like-jessica-rabbit-10485528

[10] Keith Booker, M. (2006.). Drawn to Television: Prime-time Animation from the Flintstones to Family Guy. ISBN 9780275990190. https://books.google.com/?id=EGtTOAGYSWQC&pg=PA158&lpg=PA158&dq=toot+braunstein+sex+symbol#v=onepage&q=toot%20braunstein%20sex%20symbol&f=false

[11] Barboza, David (19. siječnja 1998.). "Video World Is Smitten by a Gun-Toting, Tomb-Raiding Sex Symbol". The New York Times. https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9504E1DF1238F93AA25752C0A96E958260

[channel4_poll-12] "Channel 4 Top 100 Sex Symbols internet poll". Channel4.com. http://www.channel4.com/film/newsfeatures/microsites/S/sexsymbols/results/10-1.html Pristupljeno 18. svibnja 2012.

[13] "Boom Raider". Telegraph (London). https://www.telegraph.co.uk/opinion/main.jhtml?xml=/opinion/2001/06/24/do10.xml Pristupljeno 5. ožujka 2008.

[14] Limited, Guinness World Records (2008.). Guinness World Records, Gamers Edition 2008. str. 81.. ISBN 978-1-904994-20-6

[15] "AT's Top 10 Video Game Chicks". Actiontrip. Inačica izvorne stranice arhivirana 22. kolovoza 2016.. http://www.actiontrip.com/features/atstop10videogamechicks.phtml Pristupljeno 2. prosinca 2007.

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