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<tr><th>Vjeroispovijest</th><td>[[islam]] <sup> </sup></td></tr>
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'''Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab''' ([[arapski jezik|arapski]]; محمد بن عبد الوهاب‎; [[1703.]] – [[22. lipnja]] [[1792.]]), [[Saudijska Arabija|saudijski]] [[teologija|teolog]] i reformator, osnivač [[vahabizam|vahabizma]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ei9ZBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA97&dq=Ibn+Abdul+Wahhab+reformer&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Ibn%20Abdul%20Wahhab%20reformer&f=false|title=What Is a Madrasa?|last=Moosa|first=Ebrahim|date=6 April 2015|publisher=UNC Press Books|year=|isbn=9781469620145|location=|pages=97|language=en|quote=|via=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XL8aCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA252&dq=who+is+Ibn+Abdul+Wahhab&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiRg4a9jPnQAhUMIMAKHWM8B2I4HhDoAQggMAE#v=onepage&q=who%20is%20Ibn%20Abdul%20Wahhab&f=false|title=Terrorism and Homeland Security|last=White|first=Jonathan R.|date=1 January 2016|publisher=Cengage Learning|year=|isbn=9781305886940|location=|pages=252|language=en|quote=|via=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/11/world/middleeast/saudi-arabia-islam-wahhabism-religious-police.html|title=A Saudi Morals Enforcer Called for a More Liberal Islam. Then the Death Threats Began.|last=Hubbard|first=Ben|date=10 July 2016|newspaper=The New York Times|issn=0362-4331|access-date=16 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161215141503/http://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/11/world/middleeast/saudi-arabia-islam-wahhabism-religious-police.html|archive-date=15 December 2016|deadurl=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CeJ85XwCPxQC&pg=PA222&dq=Ibn+Abdul+Wahhab+reformer&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Ibn%20Abdul%20Wahhab%20reformer&f=false|title=Formations of the Secular: Christianity, Islam, Modernity|last=Asad|first=Talal|date=3 February 2003|publisher=Stanford University Press|year=|isbn=9780804747684|location=|pages=222|language=en|quote=|via=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QjzYdCxumFcC&pg=PA260&dq=Ibn+Abdul+Wahhab+reformer&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Ibn%20Abdul%20Wahhab%20reformer&f=false|title=Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire|last=́goston|first=Ga ́bor A.|last2=Masters|first2=Bruce Alan|date=21 May 2010|publisher=Infobase Publishing|year=|isbn=9781438110257|location=|pages=260|language=en|quote=|via=}}</ref>  
'''Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab''' ([[arapski jezik|arapski]]; محمد بن عبد الوهاب‎; [[1703.]] – [[22. lipnja]] [[1792.]]), [[Saudijska Arabija|saudijski]] [[teologija|teolog]] i reformator, osnivač [[vahabizam|vahabizma]].<ref>{{Citiranje knjige|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ei9ZBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA97&dq=Ibn+Abdul+Wahhab+reformer&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Ibn%20Abdul%20Wahhab%20reformer&f=false|title=What Is a Madrasa?|last=Moosa|first=Ebrahim|date=6 April 2015|publisher=UNC Press Books|year=|isbn=9781469620145|location=|pages=97|language=en|quote=|via=}}</ref><ref>{{Citiranje knjige|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XL8aCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA252&dq=who+is+Ibn+Abdul+Wahhab&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiRg4a9jPnQAhUMIMAKHWM8B2I4HhDoAQggMAE#v=onepage&q=who%20is%20Ibn%20Abdul%20Wahhab&f=false|title=Terrorism and Homeland Security|last=White|first=Jonathan R.|date=1 January 2016|publisher=Cengage Learning|year=|isbn=9781305886940|location=|pages=252|language=en|quote=|via=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/11/world/middleeast/saudi-arabia-islam-wahhabism-religious-police.html|title=A Saudi Morals Enforcer Called for a More Liberal Islam. Then the Death Threats Began.|last=Hubbard|first=Ben|date=10 July 2016|newspaper=The New York Times|issn=0362-4331|access-date=16 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161215141503/http://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/11/world/middleeast/saudi-arabia-islam-wahhabism-religious-police.html|archive-date=15 December 2016|deadurl=no}}</ref><ref>{{Citiranje knjige|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CeJ85XwCPxQC&pg=PA222&dq=Ibn+Abdul+Wahhab+reformer&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Ibn%20Abdul%20Wahhab%20reformer&f=false|title=Formations of the Secular: Christianity, Islam, Modernity|last=Asad|first=Talal|date=3 February 2003|publisher=Stanford University Press|year=|isbn=9780804747684|location=|pages=222|language=en|quote=|via=}}</ref><ref>{{Citiranje knjige|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QjzYdCxumFcC&pg=PA260&dq=Ibn+Abdul+Wahhab+reformer&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Ibn%20Abdul%20Wahhab%20reformer&f=false|title=Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire|last=́goston|first=Ga ́bor A.|last2=Masters|first2=Bruce Alan|date=21 May 2010|publisher=Infobase Publishing|year=|isbn=9781438110257|location=|pages=260|language=en|quote=|via=}}</ref>  


== Životopis ==
== Životopis ==

Trenutačna izmjena od 18:25, 2. siječnja 2022.

Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab
محمد بن عبد الوهاب
Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab
Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab
Puno ime Muhamad ib Abd al-Wahhab ibn Suleyman ibn Ali ibn Muhamad ibn Ahmed ibn Rashid
Rođen1703.
Umro22. lipnja 1792.
Poznat poOsnivač vahabizma
Zanimanjeteolog, reformator
Vjeroispovijestislam

Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab (arapski; محمد بن عبد الوهاب‎; 1703. – 22. lipnja 1792.), saudijski teolog i reformator, osnivač vahabizma.[1][2][3][4][5]

Životopis

Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab je rođen u Nadždu u središtu Arapskog poluotoka, 1703. godine, u obitelji kadija. Abd al-Wahhabova rana naobrazba predstavljala učenje osnovnog standardnog kurikuluma izvorne jurisprudencije prema hanbelijskoj pravnoj školi, koja je bila najzastupljenija pravna škola islama u njegovom mjestu rođenja.[6] Usprkos prvobitnoj rudimentarnoj edukaciji u klasičnoj sunitskoj islamskoj tradiciji Abd al-Wahhab je postepeno postao protivnik većine sunitskih praksi poput posjećivanja i veneracije grobnica velikana islama,[6] što je smatrao heretičkim religijskim inovacijama ili čak idolatrijom]].[6] Iako su njegova učenja bila odbačena i suprotstavljena većini najznačajnijih sunitskih učenjaka tog vremena,[6] uključujući njegovog oca i brata,[6] Abd al-Wahhab sklopio je religijsko-politički pakt sa Muhammad ibn Saudom kako bi mu pomogao da osnuje kraljevinu, prvu saudijsku državu,[7] te je počeo sa dinastičkim savezništvom i dijeljenjem moći u dogovoru sa njihovim obiteljima, što se nastavilo do dana-današnjeg u Kraljevini Saudijskoj Arabiji.[8] Al ash-Sheikh, saudijska vladajuća religijska obitelj, predstavlja potomke Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, a također su kroz povijest predvodili ulemu u Saudijskoj kraljevini,[9] dominirajući državnim klerikalnim institucijama.[10]

Na Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhaba su utjecali Ahmed ibn Hanbel, Ibn Taymiyyah, Muhammad Hayyat ibn Ibrahim al-Sindhi, Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya, dok je on je utjecao na Muhammada ibn Sauda i dinastiju Saud, Abd al-Aziz ibn Baz, Muhammad Nasiruddin al-Albani, Abdur Rahman As-Sudais.

Umro je 22. lipnja 1792.. godine. Ne postoji nijedna fotografija Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhaba, jer je strogo odbacivao svaki svoj portret.

Radovi

  • Risālah Aslu Dīn Al-Islām wa Qā'idatuhu
  • Kitab al-Quran (Allahova knjiga)
  • Kitab at-Tawhid (Knjiga o Jednoći Boga)
  • Kashf ush-Shubuhaat (Pojašnjenje dvoumica)
  • Al-Usool-uth-Thalaatha (Tri temeljna principa)
  • Al Qawaaid Al 'Arbaa (Četiri osnove)
  • Al-Usool us Sittah (Šest temeljnih principa)
  • Nawaaqid al Islaam (Nulifikatori islama)
  • Adab al-Mashy Ila as-Salaa (Načini odlaska na namaz)
  • Usul al-Iman (Osnove vjere)
  • Fada'il al-Islam (Izuzetna svojstva islama)
  • Fada'il al-Qur'an (Izuzetna svojstva Kurana)
  • Majmu'a al-Hadith 'Ala Abwab al-Fiqh (Sažet pregled hadisa o glavnim temama fikha)
  • Mukhtasar al-Iman (Sažetak vjere; tj. sumarna verzija rada o vjeri)
  • Mukhtasar al-Insaf wa'l-Sharh al-Kabir (Sažetak jednakosti i Veliko objašnjenje)
  • Mukhtasar Seerat ar-Rasul (Sumarna biografija Poslanika)
  • Kitaabu l-Kabaair (Knjiga velikih grijeha)
  • Kitabu l-Imaan (Knjiga vjerovanja)
  • Al-Radd 'ala al-Rafida (Pobijanje odbacivača)

Izvori

  1. ↑ Moosa, Ebrahim (6. travnja 2015.) (engl.). What Is a Madrasa?. UNC Press Books. str. 97. ISBN 9781469620145. https://books.google.com/books?id=ei9ZBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA97&dq=Ibn+Abdul+Wahhab+reformer&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Ibn%20Abdul%20Wahhab%20reformer&f=false 
  2. ↑ White, Jonathan R. (1. siječnja 2016.) (engl.). Terrorism and Homeland Security. Cengage Learning. str. 252. ISBN 9781305886940. https://books.google.com/books?id=XL8aCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA252&dq=who+is+Ibn+Abdul+Wahhab&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiRg4a9jPnQAhUMIMAKHWM8B2I4HhDoAQggMAE#v=onepage&q=who%20is%20Ibn%20Abdul%20Wahhab&f=false 
  3. ↑ Hubbard, Ben (10. srpnja 2016.). "A Saudi Morals Enforcer Called for a More Liberal Islam. Then the Death Threats Began.". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Inačica arhivirana 15. prosinca 2016.. https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/11/world/middleeast/saudi-arabia-islam-wahhabism-religious-police.html Pristupljeno 16. prosinca 2016. 
  4. ↑ Asad, Talal (3. veljače 2003.) (engl.). Formations of the Secular: Christianity, Islam, Modernity. Stanford University Press. str. 222. ISBN 9780804747684. https://books.google.com/books?id=CeJ85XwCPxQC&pg=PA222&dq=Ibn+Abdul+Wahhab+reformer&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Ibn%20Abdul%20Wahhab%20reformer&f=false 
  5. ↑ ́goston, Ga ́bor A.; Masters, Bruce Alan (21. svibnja 2010.) (engl.). Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire. Infobase Publishing. str. 260. ISBN 9781438110257. https://books.google.com/books?id=QjzYdCxumFcC&pg=PA260&dq=Ibn+Abdul+Wahhab+reformer&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Ibn%20Abdul%20Wahhab%20reformer&f=false 
  6. ↑ 6,0 6,1 6,2 6,3 6,4 Laoust, H., "Ibn Abd al-Wahhāb", in: Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition, Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W.P. Heinrichs.
  7. ↑ Hourani 1992: 257–258
  8. ↑ Nawaf E. Obaid (rujna 1999). "The Power of Saudi Arabia's Islamic Leaders". Middle East Quarterly VI (3): 51–58. Inačica arhivirana 6. kolovoza 2011.. http://www.meforum.org/482/the-power-of-saudi-arabias-islamic-leaders Pristupljeno 23. lipnja 2011. 
  9. ↑ Abir 1987: 4, 5, 7
  10. ↑ Metz 1992

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