Suradnik10: preuzeto s hr.wikipedije

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preuzeto s hr.wikipedije

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Od [[18. stoljeće|18. stoljeća]] [[Katolička Crkva]] sustavno je osuđivala [[slobodno zidarstvo]] i [[tajna društva]] putem službenih papinskih akata.

Prva značajna osuda došla je kao odgovor na širenje slobodnog zidarstva, koja je ubrzo nakon svog [[Prva Velika loža Engleske|formalnog ustrojstva 1717.]] godine naišla na oštru kritiku Crkve. Papinski dokumenti, uključujući [[Papinska bula|bule]], apostolska pisma, sažetke i [[Enciklika|enciklike]], isticali su neprihvatljivost načela slobodnih zidara zbog njihovog [[Tajna (slobodno zidarstvo)|tajnovitog djelovanja]], prisega i ideoloških stavova koji su se smatrali suprotnima katoličkoj vjeri i crkvenom autoritetu.<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Papal pronouncements|url=https://freemasonry.bcy.ca/anti-masonry/papal_encyclicals.html|access-date=2025-03-05|website=freemasonry.bcy.ca|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Citiranje weba|title=The Miter and The Trowel|url=https://www.sunstar-solutions.com/AOP/esoteric/miter-trowel.htm|access-date=2025-03-15|last=Madison|first=William G.|website=sunstar-solutions.com|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Citiranje weba|title=Roman Catholic Church Law Regarding Freemasonry|url=https://bessel.org/cathtlor.htm|access-date=2025-02-23|last=McInvale|first=Reid|date=1992-06-13|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180419084218/http://www.bessel.org/cathtlor.htm|archive-date=2018-04-19|website=bessel.org|language=en}}</ref>

== Popis dokumenta ==
{{Legend2|#DDFFDD|''[[Katolička enciklopedija]]'' navodi da se ovaj dokument odnosi na [[slobodno zidarstvo]] iako se u njemu izričito ne spominje.<ref name=":3">{{Citiranje weba|title=Masonry (Freemasonry)|url=https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09771a.htm#VIII|access-date=2025-02-23|website=newadvent.org|language=en}}</ref>|border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}} {{Legend2|#D3EBFF|Dokument je objavio [[Dikasterij za nauk vjere]] uz papinsko odobrenje. Do 2022. godine ovo tijelo je nosilo naziv Kongregacija za nauk vjere.|border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}}

{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="text-align:center;"
|+
! align="center" width="20%" | Naziv
! align="center" width="8%" | Vrsta
! align="center" width="10%" | [[Papa]]
! align="center" width="12%" | Datum
! align="center" width="47%" | Predmet
! align="center" width="3%" | Izv.
|-
| align="left" |''[[In eminenti Apostolatus Specula]]''
| [[Papinska bula|bula]]
| [[Klement XII.]]
| align="right" | 28. travnja 1738.
| align="left" |Osuda slobodnog zidarstva.
|<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=In eminenti: Papal Bull dealing with the condemnation of Freemasonry|url=http://www.papalencyclicals.net/Clem12/c12inemengl.htm|access-date=2025-03-05|last=Pope Clement XII|year=1738.|language=en|website=papalencyclicals.net}}</ref>
|-
| align="left" |''[[Providas Romanorum]]''
| bula
| [[Benedikt XIV.]]
| align="right" | 18. ožujka 1751.
| align="left" |Protivljenje slobodnom zidarstvu.
| <ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Bolla Del Sommo Pontefice Benedetto XIV: Providas Romanorum|url=https://www.vatican.va/content/benedictus-xiv/it/documents/bolla--i-providas-romanorum--i---18-marzo-1751--il-pontefice-con.html|access-date=2025-03-16|last=Benedetto XIV|date=1751-03-18|website=vatican.va}}</ref>
|-
| align="left" | ''[[Ecclesiam a Jesu Christo]]''
| bula
| [[Pio VII.]]
| align="right" |13. rujna 1821.
| align="left" |[[Ekskomunikacija]] slobodnih zidara.
|<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Bolla Ecclesiam a Jesu Del Sommo Pontefice Pio VII.|url=https://www.vatican.va/content/pius-vii/it/documents/bolla-ecclesiam-a-jesu-13-settembre-1821.html|access-date=2025-03-05|last=Pio VII.|date=1821-09-23|website=vatican.va|language=it}}</ref>
|-
| align="left" | ''[[Quo graviora (1825.)|Quo graviora]]''
| bula
| [[Lav XII.]]
| align="right" |13. ožujka 1825.
| align="left" |Zabrana članstva u [[Loža (slobodno zidarstvo)|ložama slobodnih zidara]].
| <ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Bolla Del Sommo Pontefice Leone XII: Quo Graviora|url=https://www.vatican.va/content/leo-xii/it/documents/bolla-quo-graviora-13-marzo-1825.html|access-date=2025-03-03|website=vatican.va|language=it}} {{Citiranje weba|title=Quo Graviora; On the Pragmatic Constitution, Pope Gregory XVI - 1833|url=https://www.papalencyclicals.net/Greg16/g16quogr.htm|access-date=2025-03-03|website=papalencyclicals.net|language=en}}</ref>
|- bgcolor="#DDFFDD"
| align="left" | ''[[Traditi humilitati nostrae]]''
| [[enciklika]]
| [[Pio VIII.]]
| align="right" |21. svibnja 1829.
| align="left" | Program njegova pontifikata i protiv izdajničkih društava.{{efn|name=p9}}
|<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Traditi Humilitati: On His Program for His Pontificate|url=https://www.papalencyclicals.net/Pius08/p8tradit.htm|access-date=2025-03-05|last=Pope Pius VIII|website=papalencyclicals.net|year=1829.|language=en}} {{Citiranje weba|title=Enciclica Traditi Humilitati Del Sommo Pontefice Pio VIII|url=https://www.vatican.va/content/pius-viii/it/documents/enciclica-traditi-humilitati-24-maggio-1829.html|access-date=2025-03-16|last=Pio VIII|date=1829-05-24|website=vatican.va|language=it}}</ref>
|-
| align="left" | ''[[Litteris altero abhinc]]''
| sažetak
| Pio VIII.
| align="right" |25. ožujka 1830.
| align="left" |O obvezi katoličkog odgoja potomstva u sakramentu ženidbe.
|- bgcolor="#DDFFDD"
| align="left" |''[[Mirari vos]]''
| enciklika
| [[Grgur XVI.]]
| align="right" |15. kolovoza 1832.
| align="left" |O [[Liberalizam|liberalizmu]] i vjerskom indiferentizmu.{{efn|O [[Liberalizam|liberalizmu]] i vjerskom često se govori u papinskim dokumentima kao jednoj od glavnih optužbi protiv slobodnog zidarstva. Katoličke izvore često navode da su ta načela u suprotnosti s crkvenim učenjem, a mnogi papinski spisi ističu masonstvo kao prijetnju katoličkoj vjeri i crkvenom autoritetu. Neki katolički izvori ovaj dokument smatraju izrazito [[Protumasonstvo|antimasonskim]].<ref name=":1"/><ref name=":0"/>}}
|<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Mirari Vos: On Liberalism and Religious Indifferentism|url=https://www.papalencyclicals.net/Greg16/g16mirar.htm|access-date=2025-03-05|last=Pope Gregory XVI|website=papalencyclicals.net|year=1832.|language=en}} {{Citiranje weba|title=Epistola Del Sommo Pontefice Gregorio XVI: Litteras Accepimus|url=https://www.vatican.va/content/gregorius-xvi/it/documents/epistola-littera-accepimus-5-ottobre-1833.html|access-date=2025-03-12|last=Gregorio XVI|date=1833-10-05|website=vatican.va|language=it}} {{Citiranje weba|title=Mirari Vos: On Freemasonry|url=https://freemasonry.bcy.ca/anti-masonry/papal/mirari.html|access-date=2025-03-05|website=freemasonry.bcy.ca|language=en}}</ref>
|- bgcolor="#DDFFDD"
| align="left" |''[[Qui pluribus]]''
| enciklika
| [[Pio IX.]]
| align="right" | 9. studenoga 1846.
| align="left" | Inauguralna enciklika koja iznosi program pontifikata.{{efn|Iako u ovom dokumentu slobodno zidarstvo, kao ni bilo koja određena osoba ili skupina, nisu izravno spomenuti, kritički se osvrće na ideje i djelovanja koja su prethodni papinski spisi povezivali s slobodnim zidarstvom. Zbog toga ga neki katolički izvori smatraju protumasnskim dokumentom.<ref name=":0"/><ref name=":1"/>}}
|<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Qui Pluribus: On Faith and Religion|url=https://www.papalencyclicals.net/Pius09/p9quiplu.htm|access-date=2025-03-13|last=Pope BI. Pius IX.|year=1846.|language=en|website=papalencyclicals.net}} {{Citiranje weba|title=Enciclica Qui Pluribus Del Sommo Pontefice Pio IX|url=https://www.vatican.va/content/pius-ix/it/documents/enciclica-qui-pluribus-9-novembre-1846.html|access-date=2025-03-16|last=Pio IX|date=1846-11-09|website=vatican.va|language=it}}</ref>
|- bgcolor="#DDFFDD"
| align="left" | ''[[Quibus quantisque malis]]''
| pismo
| Pio IX.
| align="right" | 20. travnja 1849.
| align="left" | O zbivanjima u [[Kraljevina Italija|Italiji]] i spletkama tajnih društava.{{efn|name=p9|Iako u ovom dokumentu slobodno zidarstvo nije izravno spomenuto, daje se kritički osvrt na ideje i djelovanja te zbog toga ga neki izvori smatraju protumasnskim dokumentom.<ref name=":0"/><ref name=":1"/>}}
|<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Allocuzione Quibus, Quantisque Del Sommo Pontefice Pio IX|url=https://www.vatican.va/content/pius-ix/it/documents/allocuzione-quibus-quantisque-20-aprile-1849.html|access-date=2025-03-14|last=Pio IX|date=1849-04-20|website=vatican.va|language=it}}</ref>
|- bgcolor="#DDFFDD"
| align="left" | ''[[Quanta cura]]''
| enciklika
| Pio IX.
| align="right" | 8. prosinca 1864.
| align="left" | Protivljenje [[Sloboda vjeroispovjesti|slobodi vjeroispovjesti]].{{efn|name=p9}}
|<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Quanta Cura: Condemning Current Errors|url=https://www.papalencyclicals.net/Pius09/p9quanta.htm|access-date=2025-03-06|last=Pope BI. Pius IX|website=papalencyclicals.net|year=1864.|language=en}} {{Citiranje weba|title=Enciclica Quanta Cura Del Sommo Pontefice Pio IX|url=https://www.vatican.va/content/pius-ix/it/documents/encyclica-quanta-cura-8-decembris-1864.html|access-date=2025-03-16|last=Pio IX|date=1864-12-08|website=vatican.va|language=it, la}}
</ref>
|-
| align="left" | ''[[Multiplices inter]]''
| pismo
| Pio IX.
| align="right" | 25. rujna 1865.
| align="left" | Protivljenje slobodnom zidarstvu i tajnim društvima.{{efn|name=p9}}
| <ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Allocuzione Multiplices Inter Del Sommo Pontefice Pio IX|url=https://www.vatican.va/content/pius-ix/it/documents/allocutio-multiplices-inter-25-septembris-1865.html|access-date=2025-03-14|last=Pio IX|date=1865-09-25|website=vatican.va|language=it, la}}</ref>
|- bgcolor="#DDFFDD"
| align="left" | ''[[Apostolicae Sedis moderationi]]''
| bula
| Pio IX.
| align="right" | 12. listopada 1869.
| align="left" | Reorganizacija [[Kanonsko pravo (Katolička Crkva)|kanonskog prava]].
|<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Apostolicae Sedis Moderationi|url=https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01645a.htm|access-date=2025-03-03|website=newadvent.org|language=en}}</ref>
|-
| align="left" |''[[Etsi multa luctuosa]]''
| enciklika
| Pio IX.
| align="right" | 21. studenoga 1873.
| align="left" | Crkva u Italiji, Njemačkoj i Švicarskoj. Osuda slobodnog zidarstva.
|<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Etsi Multa: On the Church in Italy, Germany and Switzerland|url=https://www.papalencyclicals.net/pius09/p9etsimu.htm|access-date=2025-03-06|last=Pope BI. Pius IX|website=papalencyclicals.net|year=1873.|language=en}} {{Citiranje weba|title=Enciclica Etsi Multa Del Sommo Pontefice Pio IX|url=https://www.vatican.va/content/pius-ix/it/documents/enciclica-etsi-multa-21-novembre-1873.html|access-date=2025-03-16|last=Pio IX|date=1873-11-21|website=vatican.va|language=it}}</ref>
|-
| align="left" |''[[Etsi nos]]''
| enciklika
| [[Lav XIII.]]
| align="right" | 15. veljače 1882.
| align="left" |O stanju u Italiji i protivljenje slobodnom zidarstvu.
|<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Etsi Nos: Encyclical Of Pope Leo XIII On Conditions In Italy|url=https://www.vatican.va/content/leo-xiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_l-xiii_enc_15021882_etsi-nos.html|access-date=2025-03-14|last=Leo XIII|date=1882-02-15|website=vatican.va|author-link=Lav XIII.|language=en}} {{Citiranje weba|title=Etsi Nos: On Conditions in Italy|url=https://www.papalencyclicals.net/leo13/l13itl.htm|access-date=2025-03-14|last=Pope Leo XIII.|website=papalencyclicals.net|year=1882.|language=en}}</ref>
|-
| align="left" |''[[Humanum genus]]''
| enciklika
| Lav XIII.
| align="right" | 20. travnja 1884.
| align="left" | Osuda slobodnog zidarstva.
|<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Humanum Genus: On Freemasonry|url=https://www.papalencyclicals.net/leo13/l13human.htm|access-date=2025-03-06|last=Pope Leo XIII|website=papalencyclicals.net|year=1884.|language=en}} 
{{Citiranje weba|title=Humanum Genus: Encyclical of Pope Leo XIII On Freemasonry|url=https://www.vatican.va/content/leo-xiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_l-xiii_enc_18840420_humanum-genus.html|access-date=2025-03-14|last=Leo XIII|date=1884-04-20|website=vatican.va|language=en, it, fr, la}}</ref>
|-
| align="left" |''[[Officio sanctissimo]]''
| enciklika
| Lav XIII.
| align="right" | 22. prosinca 1887.
| align="left" |Stanje Crkve u Bavarskoj. Također, osuda slobodnog zidarstva.
|<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Officio Sanctissimo: On the Church in Bavaria|url=https://www.papalencyclicals.net/leo13/l13bav.htm|access-date=2025-03-06|last=Pope Leo XIII|website=papalencyclicals.net|year=1887.|language=en}} {{Citiranje weba|title=Officio Sanctissimo; Encyclical of Pope Leo XIII on the Church in Bavaria|url=https://www.vatican.va/content/leo-xiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_l-xiii_enc_22121887_officio-sanctissimo.html|access-date=2025-03-15|last=Leo XIII|date=1887-12-22|website=vatican.va|language=en, it}}</ref>
|-
| align="left" |''[[Ab apostolici Solii celsitudine]]''
| enciklika
| Lav XIII.
| align="right" | 15. listopada 1890.
| align="left" |Slobodno zidarstvo u Italiji.
|<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Dall’alto Dell’apostolico Seggio: On Freemasonry in Italy|url=https://www.papalencyclicals.net/leo13/l13ms1.htm|access-date=2025-03-06|last=Pope Leo XIII|website=papalencyclicals.net|year=1890.|language=en}} 
{{Citiranje weba|title=Dall'alto dell'apostolico Seggio: Encyclical of Pope Leo XIII on Freemasonry in Italy|url=https://www.vatican.va/content/leo-xiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_l-xiii_enc_18901015_apostolico-seggio.html|access-date=2025-03-15|last=Leo XIII|date=1890-10-15|website=vatican.va}}</ref>
|-
| align="left" |''[[Custodi di quella Fede]]''
| enciklika
| Lav XIII.
| align="right" | 8. prosinca 1892.
| align="left" |O slobodnom zidarstvu.
|<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Custodi di quella Fede: Encyclical of Pope Leo XIII on Freemasonry|url=https://www.vatican.va/content/leo-xiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_l-xiii_enc_08121892_custodi-di-quella-fede.html|access-date=2025-03-15|last=Leo XIII|date=1892-12-08|website=vatican.va|language=en, it}} {{Citiranje weba|title=Custodi Di Quella Fede: On Freemasonry|url=https://www.papalencyclicals.net/leo13/l13ms3.htm|access-date=2025-03-15|last=Pope Leo XIII|website=papalencyclicals.net|year=1892.|language=en}}</ref>
|-
| align="left" |''[[Inimica vis]]''
| enciklika
| Lav XIII.
| align="right" | 8. prosinca 1892.
| align="left" |O slobodnom zidarstvu.
|<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Inimica Vis: On Freemasonry|url=https://www.papalencyclicals.net/leo13/l13ms4.htm|access-date=2025-03-06|last=Pope Leo XIII|website=papalencyclicals.net|year=1892.|language=en}} {{Citiranje weba|title=Inimica Vis: Encyclical Of Pope Leo XIII On Freemasonry|url=https://www.vatican.va/content/leo-xiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_l-xiii_enc_08121892_inimica-vis.html|access-date=2025-03-15|last=Leo XIII|date=1892-12-08|website=vatican.va|language=en, it}}</ref>
|-
| align="left" |''[[Praeclara gratulationis publicae]]''
| pismo
|Lav XIII.
| align="right" | 20. lipnja 1894.
| align="left" |Jedinstvo u vjeri. Također, osuda slobodnog zidarstva.
|<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Epistola Apostolica SSMI D. N. Leonis XIII Ad Principes Populosque Universos, Occasione Sui Iubilaei Episcopalis|url=https://www.vatican.va/content/leo-xiii/la/apost_letters/documents/hf_l-xiii_apl_18940620_praeclara-gratulationis.html|access-date=2025-03-15|last=Leonis XIII|date=1894-06-20|website=vatican.va|language=la, it}} {{Citiranje weba|title=Praeclara Gratulationis Publicae: The Reunion of Christendom|url=https://www.papalencyclicals.net/Leo13/l13praec.htm|access-date=2025-02-23|website=papalencyclicals.net|language=en}}</ref>
|-
| align="left" |''[[Annum ingressi]]''
| pismo
|Lav XIII.
| align="right" | 19. ožujka 1902.
| align="left" | 25. obljetnica [[pontifikat]]a (duhovna oporuka). Poticanje otpora slobodnom zidarstvu.
|
|- bgcolor="#D3EBFF"
| align="left" |''[[Deklaracija o statusu katolika koji postaju slobodni zidari|Declaratio de canonica disciplina quae sub poena excommunicationis vetat ne catholici nomen dent sectae massonicae...]]''
| deklaracija
| [[Ivan Pavao II.]]
| align="right" | 17. veljače 1981.
| align="left" |Sud o slobodnom zidarstvu.
|<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Declaration concerning status of Catholics becoming freemasons|url=https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_19810217_massoni_en.html|access-date=2025-02-24|last=Šeper|first=Franjo|date=1983-02-17|website=vatican.va|author-link=Franjo Šeper|language=en, fr, de, it, la, pl, pt, sk, es}}</ref>
|- bgcolor="#D3EBFF"
| align="left" |''[[Deklaracija o masonskim udrugama|Declaratio de associationibus massonicis]]''
| deklaracija
| Ivan Pavao II.
| align="right" | 26. studenoga 1983.
| align="left" |Sud o slobodnom zidarstvu.
|<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Declaration on Masonic Associations|url=https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_19831126_declaration-masonic_en.html|access-date=2025-02-24|last=Card. Ratzinger|date=1983-11-26|first=Joseph|website=vatican.va|author-link=Benedikt XVI.|language=en, fr, it, la, pl, pt, es|publisher=[[Dikasterij za nauk vjere]]}}</ref>
|- bgcolor="#D3EBFF"
| align="left" |''[[Upit monsinjora Cortesa|Odgovor na upit monsinjora Cortesa]]''
| pismo
| [[Franjo]]
| align="right" | 13. studenoga 2023.
| align="left" |Postupanje prema slobodnim zidarima.
|<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Upit mons. Julita Cortesa, biskupa Dumaguetea (Filipini) o „najoptimalnijem pastoralnom pristupu“ glede učlanjivanja katoličkih vjernika u masoneriju|url=https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_ddf_doc_20231113_richiesta-cortes-massoneria_hr.html|access-date=2025-02-24|date=2023-11-13|website=vatican.va|publisher=[[Dikasterij za nauk vjere]]}}</ref>
|}

== Vidi još ==
* [[Katolička Crkva i slobodno zidarstvo]]
* [[Protumasonstvo]]

== Bilješke ==
{{notelist}}

== Izvori ==
{{izvori}}
{{KCiSZ}}
{{Slobodno zidarstvo}}

[[Kategorija:Katoličanstvo i slobodno zidarstvo]]
[[Kategorija:Protumasonstvo]]
[[Kategorija:Dokumenti Rimokatoličke Crkve]]

Papinski dokumenti protiv slobodnog zidarstva - Povijest promjena

Suradnik10: preuzeto s hr.wikipedije