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	<id>https://enciklopedija.cc/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Me%C4%91umorje</id>
	<title>Međumorje - Povijest promjena</title>
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	<updated>2026-08-08T15:01:19Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Povijest promjena ove stranice na wikiju</subtitle>
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	<entry>
		<id>https://enciklopedija.cc/index.php?title=Me%C4%91umorje&amp;diff=582896&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Suradnik10: Zamjena teksta - &#039;{{ukr icon}}&#039; u &#039;{{ukr oznaka}}&#039;</title>
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		<updated>2025-05-27T03:22:18Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zamjena teksta - &amp;#039;{{ukr icon}}&amp;#039; u &amp;#039;{{ukr oznaka}}&amp;#039;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;←Starija inačica&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Inačica od 27. svibanj 2025. u 03:22&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l4&quot;&gt;Redak 4:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Redak 4:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Predložena federacija je trebala oponašati [[Poljska-Litva|Poljsku-Litvu]], koja je sezala od Baltičkog do Crnog mora u razdoblju od kraja 16. do kraja 18. stoljeća, inače nastalu ujedinjenjem [[Kraljevina Poljska (1385.-1569.)|Kraljevine Poljske]] i [[Velika Vojvodina Litva|Velike Vojvodine Litve]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Predložena federacija je trebala oponašati [[Poljska-Litva|Poljsku-Litvu]], koja je sezala od Baltičkog do Crnog mora u razdoblju od kraja 16. do kraja 18. stoljeća, inače nastalu ujedinjenjem [[Kraljevina Poljska (1385.-1569.)|Kraljevine Poljske]] i [[Velika Vojvodina Litva|Velike Vojvodine Litve]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Neki Litvanci su smatrali ovaj projekt prijetnju njihovoj netom uspostavljenoj neovisnosti, a neki Ukrajinci kao prijetnju njihovim težnjama za osamostaljenjem &amp;lt;ref name=Zerkalo3a&amp;gt;Oleksa Pidlutsky, &quot;Figures of the 20th century. Józef Piłsudski: the Chief who Created a State for Himself,&quot; &#039;&#039;[[Zerkalo Nedeli]]&#039;&#039; (the Mirror Weekly), velj. 3-9, 2001., dostupno na internetu  [http://www.zerkalo-nedeli.com/nn/show/329/29435/ na ruskom] i  [http://www.zn.kiev.ua/ie/show/329/29435/ na ukrajinskom].&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=Derh&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&quot;The essence of [Józef Piłsudski&#039;s &quot;federalist&quot; program] was that after the overthrow of tsardom and the disintegration of the Russian empire, a large, strong and mighty Poland was to be created in Eastern Europe. It would be the reincarnation of the &#039;&#039;Rzeczpospolita&#039;&#039; on &quot;federative&quot; principles. It was to include the Polish, Lithuanian, Belarusian and Ukrainian lands. The leading role, of course, was to be given to the Polish ethnic, political, economic and cultural element. […] As such two influential and popular political doctrines with regard to Ukraine — the &quot;incorporationist&quot; and the &quot;federalist&quot; — even before the creation of Polish statehood, were based on ignoring the right of the Ukrainian people to self-determination and put forward claims to rule over the Ukrainian territories…&quot;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Oleksandr Derhachov, editor, &#039;&#039;Ukrainian Statehood in the Twentieth Century: Historical and Political Analysis&#039;&#039;, Chapter: &quot;Ukraine in Polish concepts of foreign policy,&quot; Kiev, 1996, {{ISBN|966-543-040-8}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;Szporluk&quot;&amp;gt;Roman Szporluk, Imperiia ta natsii, Kiev, Dukh i Litera, 2001., {{ISBN|966-7888-05-3}}, [http://litopys.org.ua/sporl/sh08.htm section II] {{ukr &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;icon&lt;/del&gt;}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, a suprotstavljala se Rusija i većina zapadnih država osim Francuske.&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;Nowak&quot;&amp;gt;[http://src-h.slav.hokudai.ac.jp/coe21/publish/no7_ses/chapter12.pdf Between Imperial Temptation And Anti-Imperial Function In Eastern European Politics: Poland From The Eighteenth To Twenty-First Century]. [[Andrzej Nowak (povjesničar)|Andrzej Nowak]]. Pristupljeno 14. rujna 2007.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;EidintasZalys&quot;&amp;gt;[[Alfonsas Eidintas]], [[Vytautas Zalys]], &#039;&#039;Lithuania in European Politics: The Years of the First Republic, 1918-1940&#039;&#039;, Palgrave, 1999, {{ISBN|0312224583}}. [http://books.google.com/books?id=0_i8yez8udgC&amp;amp;pg=PA78&amp;amp;vq=Polish-Lithuanian+Commonwealth+negative&amp;amp;dq=Polish+Lithuanian+Commonwealth+federation&amp;amp;sig=Oj-weSmBvRh3KbgJWgsNGfobd8A Google Print, p.78-81]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Neki Litvanci su smatrali ovaj projekt prijetnju njihovoj netom uspostavljenoj neovisnosti, a neki Ukrajinci kao prijetnju njihovim težnjama za osamostaljenjem &amp;lt;ref name=Zerkalo3a&amp;gt;Oleksa Pidlutsky, &quot;Figures of the 20th century. Józef Piłsudski: the Chief who Created a State for Himself,&quot; &#039;&#039;[[Zerkalo Nedeli]]&#039;&#039; (the Mirror Weekly), velj. 3-9, 2001., dostupno na internetu  [http://www.zerkalo-nedeli.com/nn/show/329/29435/ na ruskom] i  [http://www.zn.kiev.ua/ie/show/329/29435/ na ukrajinskom].&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=Derh&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&quot;The essence of [Józef Piłsudski&#039;s &quot;federalist&quot; program] was that after the overthrow of tsardom and the disintegration of the Russian empire, a large, strong and mighty Poland was to be created in Eastern Europe. It would be the reincarnation of the &#039;&#039;Rzeczpospolita&#039;&#039; on &quot;federative&quot; principles. It was to include the Polish, Lithuanian, Belarusian and Ukrainian lands. The leading role, of course, was to be given to the Polish ethnic, political, economic and cultural element. […] As such two influential and popular political doctrines with regard to Ukraine — the &quot;incorporationist&quot; and the &quot;federalist&quot; — even before the creation of Polish statehood, were based on ignoring the right of the Ukrainian people to self-determination and put forward claims to rule over the Ukrainian territories…&quot;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Oleksandr Derhachov, editor, &#039;&#039;Ukrainian Statehood in the Twentieth Century: Historical and Political Analysis&#039;&#039;, Chapter: &quot;Ukraine in Polish concepts of foreign policy,&quot; Kiev, 1996, {{ISBN|966-543-040-8}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;Szporluk&quot;&amp;gt;Roman Szporluk, Imperiia ta natsii, Kiev, Dukh i Litera, 2001., {{ISBN|966-7888-05-3}}, [http://litopys.org.ua/sporl/sh08.htm section II] {{ukr &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;oznaka&lt;/ins&gt;}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, a suprotstavljala se Rusija i većina zapadnih država osim Francuske.&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;Nowak&quot;&amp;gt;[http://src-h.slav.hokudai.ac.jp/coe21/publish/no7_ses/chapter12.pdf Between Imperial Temptation And Anti-Imperial Function In Eastern European Politics: Poland From The Eighteenth To Twenty-First Century]. [[Andrzej Nowak (povjesničar)|Andrzej Nowak]]. Pristupljeno 14. rujna 2007.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;EidintasZalys&quot;&amp;gt;[[Alfonsas Eidintas]], [[Vytautas Zalys]], &#039;&#039;Lithuania in European Politics: The Years of the First Republic, 1918-1940&#039;&#039;, Palgrave, 1999, {{ISBN|0312224583}}. [http://books.google.com/books?id=0_i8yez8udgC&amp;amp;pg=PA78&amp;amp;vq=Polish-Lithuanian+Commonwealth+negative&amp;amp;dq=Polish+Lithuanian+Commonwealth+federation&amp;amp;sig=Oj-weSmBvRh3KbgJWgsNGfobd8A Google Print, p.78-81]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Međumorje je dopunjavalo ine ambiciozne geopolitičke vizije maršala Piłsudskog - [[prometejizam]], čiji je cilj bio ni više ni manje nego komadanje [[Rusko Carstvo|Ruskog Carstva]] i oduzimanje odnosno poništavanje svih teritorijalnih osvajanja tog carstva.&amp;lt;ref name=Enc_Pils&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Józef Pilsudski, Polish revolutionary and statesman, the first chief of state (1918–22) of the newly independent Poland established in November 1918.&amp;quot; ([http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9060041 Józef Pilsudski] in [[Encyclopedia Britannica]])&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Released in November 1918, [Piłsudski] returned to Warsaw, assumed command of the Polish armies, and proclaimed an independent Polish republic, which he headed.&amp;quot; ([http://www.bartleby.com/65/pi/Pilsudsk.html Piłsudski, Joseph] in [[Columbia Encyclopedia]])&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Snyder-P&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[Timothy Snyder]], &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Covert Polish missions across the Soviet Ukrainian border, 1928-1933&amp;#039;&amp;#039; ([http://books.google.com/books?vid={{ISBN|8849812760}}&amp;amp;id=TQR5YSY-b1QC&amp;amp;pg=PA55&amp;amp;lpg=PA77&amp;amp;sig=Wl4yypcxmLb8qcHAnT2tYmdtPZA str. 55], [http://books.google.com/books?vid={{ISBN|8849812760}}&amp;amp;id=TQR5YSY-b1QC&amp;amp;pg=PA56&amp;amp;lpg=PA77&amp;amp;sig=GbZTRk2b-RS4ZH2t3ACOOQUayJc str. 56], [http://books.google.com/books?vid={{ISBN|8849812760}}&amp;amp;id=TQR5YSY-b1QC&amp;amp;pg=PA57&amp;amp;lpg=PA77&amp;amp;sig=h0O7n586kusn5R1lcEYg6Rr2aeg str. 57], [http://books.google.com/books?vid={{ISBN|8849812760}}&amp;amp;id=TQR5YSY-b1QC&amp;amp;pg=PA77&amp;amp;lpg=PA77&amp;amp;sig=4caX_oMm1TLCtmRTOCFtnf9PvvM str. 58], [http://books.google.com/books?vid={{ISBN|8849812760}}&amp;amp;id=TQR5YSY-b1QC&amp;amp;pg=PA78&amp;amp;lpg=PA77&amp;amp;sig=bRpx03-iHDIZlrYbtuCdPMt0igc str. 59], in &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Cofini&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, Silvia Salvatici (a cura di), Rubbettino, 2005).&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[[Timothy Snyder]], &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Sketches from a Secret War: A Polish Artist&amp;#039;s Mission to Liberate Soviet Ukraine&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, Yale University Press, 2005, {{ISBN|030010670X}}, ([http://books.google.com/books?vid={{ISBN|030010670X}}&amp;amp;id=LkZlidUKEl8C&amp;amp;pg=PA41&amp;amp;lpg=PA41&amp;amp;sig=JHXCwC4XPWiaH0ZpudmMFGE3-LM str. 41], [http://books.google.com/books?vid={{ISBN|030010670X}}&amp;amp;id=LkZlidUKEl8C&amp;amp;pg=PA42&amp;amp;lpg=PA41&amp;amp;sig=N_AL-wnlV0LiacmtW0hF6XU5N3k str. 42], [http://books.google.com/books?vid={{ISBN|030010670X}}&amp;amp;id=LkZlidUKEl8C&amp;amp;pg=PA43&amp;amp;lpg=PA41&amp;amp;sig=4vb9zLlSd_Wl1BRP2EWcF-3jCvI str. 43])&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=Debo59&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Pilsudski hoped to build not merely a Polish nation state but a greater federation of peoples under the aegis of Poland which would replace Russia as the great power of Eastern Europe. Lithuania, Belorussia and Ukraine were all to be included. His plan called for a truncated and vastly reduced Russia, a plan which excluded negotiations prior to military victory.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Richard K Debo, &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Survival and Consolidation: The Foreign Policy of Soviet Russia, 1918-1992&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, [http://books.google.com/books?vid={{ISBN|0773508287}}&amp;amp;id=gQfUB0CXBO4C&amp;amp;pg=PA59&amp;amp;lpg=PA59&amp;amp;vq=excluded+negotiations&amp;amp;dq=0773508287&amp;amp;sig=9NMfQrVB6Hqy6Jow-Ii3G4yld2U Google Print, str. 59], McGill-Queen&amp;#039;s Press, 1992, {{ISBN|0-7735-0828-7}}.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=Billington1&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Pilsudski&amp;#039;s program for a federation of independent states centered on Poland; in opposing the imperial power of both Russia and Germany it was in many ways a throwback to the romantic Mazzinian nationalism of [[Young Poland]] in the early nineteenth century.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;James H. Billington, [http://books.google.com/books?vid={{ISBN|0765804719}}&amp;amp;id=a4PRx21WVqMC&amp;amp;dq=0765804719 &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Fire in the Minds of Men&amp;#039;&amp;#039;], str. 432, Transaction Publishers, {{ISBN|0-7658-0471-9}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Međumorje je dopunjavalo ine ambiciozne geopolitičke vizije maršala Piłsudskog - [[prometejizam]], čiji je cilj bio ni više ni manje nego komadanje [[Rusko Carstvo|Ruskog Carstva]] i oduzimanje odnosno poništavanje svih teritorijalnih osvajanja tog carstva.&amp;lt;ref name=Enc_Pils&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Józef Pilsudski, Polish revolutionary and statesman, the first chief of state (1918–22) of the newly independent Poland established in November 1918.&amp;quot; ([http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9060041 Józef Pilsudski] in [[Encyclopedia Britannica]])&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Released in November 1918, [Piłsudski] returned to Warsaw, assumed command of the Polish armies, and proclaimed an independent Polish republic, which he headed.&amp;quot; ([http://www.bartleby.com/65/pi/Pilsudsk.html Piłsudski, Joseph] in [[Columbia Encyclopedia]])&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Snyder-P&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[Timothy Snyder]], &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Covert Polish missions across the Soviet Ukrainian border, 1928-1933&amp;#039;&amp;#039; ([http://books.google.com/books?vid={{ISBN|8849812760}}&amp;amp;id=TQR5YSY-b1QC&amp;amp;pg=PA55&amp;amp;lpg=PA77&amp;amp;sig=Wl4yypcxmLb8qcHAnT2tYmdtPZA str. 55], [http://books.google.com/books?vid={{ISBN|8849812760}}&amp;amp;id=TQR5YSY-b1QC&amp;amp;pg=PA56&amp;amp;lpg=PA77&amp;amp;sig=GbZTRk2b-RS4ZH2t3ACOOQUayJc str. 56], [http://books.google.com/books?vid={{ISBN|8849812760}}&amp;amp;id=TQR5YSY-b1QC&amp;amp;pg=PA57&amp;amp;lpg=PA77&amp;amp;sig=h0O7n586kusn5R1lcEYg6Rr2aeg str. 57], [http://books.google.com/books?vid={{ISBN|8849812760}}&amp;amp;id=TQR5YSY-b1QC&amp;amp;pg=PA77&amp;amp;lpg=PA77&amp;amp;sig=4caX_oMm1TLCtmRTOCFtnf9PvvM str. 58], [http://books.google.com/books?vid={{ISBN|8849812760}}&amp;amp;id=TQR5YSY-b1QC&amp;amp;pg=PA78&amp;amp;lpg=PA77&amp;amp;sig=bRpx03-iHDIZlrYbtuCdPMt0igc str. 59], in &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Cofini&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, Silvia Salvatici (a cura di), Rubbettino, 2005).&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[[Timothy Snyder]], &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Sketches from a Secret War: A Polish Artist&amp;#039;s Mission to Liberate Soviet Ukraine&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, Yale University Press, 2005, {{ISBN|030010670X}}, ([http://books.google.com/books?vid={{ISBN|030010670X}}&amp;amp;id=LkZlidUKEl8C&amp;amp;pg=PA41&amp;amp;lpg=PA41&amp;amp;sig=JHXCwC4XPWiaH0ZpudmMFGE3-LM str. 41], [http://books.google.com/books?vid={{ISBN|030010670X}}&amp;amp;id=LkZlidUKEl8C&amp;amp;pg=PA42&amp;amp;lpg=PA41&amp;amp;sig=N_AL-wnlV0LiacmtW0hF6XU5N3k str. 42], [http://books.google.com/books?vid={{ISBN|030010670X}}&amp;amp;id=LkZlidUKEl8C&amp;amp;pg=PA43&amp;amp;lpg=PA41&amp;amp;sig=4vb9zLlSd_Wl1BRP2EWcF-3jCvI str. 43])&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=Debo59&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Pilsudski hoped to build not merely a Polish nation state but a greater federation of peoples under the aegis of Poland which would replace Russia as the great power of Eastern Europe. Lithuania, Belorussia and Ukraine were all to be included. His plan called for a truncated and vastly reduced Russia, a plan which excluded negotiations prior to military victory.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Richard K Debo, &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Survival and Consolidation: The Foreign Policy of Soviet Russia, 1918-1992&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, [http://books.google.com/books?vid={{ISBN|0773508287}}&amp;amp;id=gQfUB0CXBO4C&amp;amp;pg=PA59&amp;amp;lpg=PA59&amp;amp;vq=excluded+negotiations&amp;amp;dq=0773508287&amp;amp;sig=9NMfQrVB6Hqy6Jow-Ii3G4yld2U Google Print, str. 59], McGill-Queen&amp;#039;s Press, 1992, {{ISBN|0-7735-0828-7}}.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=Billington1&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Pilsudski&amp;#039;s program for a federation of independent states centered on Poland; in opposing the imperial power of both Russia and Germany it was in many ways a throwback to the romantic Mazzinian nationalism of [[Young Poland]] in the early nineteenth century.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;James H. Billington, [http://books.google.com/books?vid={{ISBN|0765804719}}&amp;amp;id=a4PRx21WVqMC&amp;amp;dq=0765804719 &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Fire in the Minds of Men&amp;#039;&amp;#039;], str. 432, Transaction Publishers, {{ISBN|0-7658-0471-9}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Suradnik10</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://enciklopedija.cc/index.php?title=Me%C4%91umorje&amp;diff=81905&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>WikiSysop: Bot: Automatski unos stranica</title>
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		<updated>2021-08-31T11:40:09Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Bot: Automatski unos stranica&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Nova stranica&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;!--&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Međumorje&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;--&amp;gt;[[Datoteka:Mapka miedzymorza.png|desno|250px|mini|Zemljovid jedne od predloženih inačica Međumorske federacije. Svjetlozelena pokaziva ukrajinske i bjeloruske teritorije pod nadzorom SSSR-a.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Međumorje&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (polj. &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Międzymorze&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) je bio projekt kojeg je nakon [[Prvi svjetski rat|prvog svjetskog rata]] promicao [[Józef Piłsudski]], kao [[federacija|federaciju]] [[Srednja Europa|srednjoeuropskih]] i [[istočna Europa|istočnoeuropskih]] zemalja koje bi predvodila [[Poljska]] &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[Aviel Roshwald]], &amp;quot;Ethnic Nationalism and the Fall of Empires: Central Europe, the Middle East and Russia, 1914-1923&amp;quot;, Routledge (UK), 2001, {{ISBN|0-415-17893-2}}, str. 37&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Richard K Debo, &amp;#039;&amp;#039; Survival and Consolidation: The Foreign Policy of Soviet Russia, 1918-192&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, McGill-Queen&amp;#039;s Press, 1992., {{ISBN|0-7735-0828-7}}, str. 59.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;James H. Billington, &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Fire in the Minds of Men&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, Transaction Publishers, {{ISBN|0-7658-0471-9}}, str. 432&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[Andrzej Paczkowski]], &amp;quot;The Spring Will Be Ours: Poland and the Poles from Occupation to Freedom&amp;quot;, Penn State Press, 2003, {{ISBN|0-271-02308-2}}, str. 10&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Parker, &amp;#039;&amp;#039;The Tragedy of Great Power Politics&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, W. W. Norton &amp;amp; Company, 2001, {{ISBN|0-393-02025-8}}, str. 194&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. U ovu zajednicu se bilo pozvalo [[baltičke republike|baltičke države]] ([[Litva|Litvu]], [[Latvija|Latviju]] i [[Estonija|Estonsku]]), [[Finska|Finsku]], [[Bjelorusija|Bjelorusiju]], [[Ukrajina|Ukrajinu]], [[Slovačka|Slovačku]], [[Mađarska|Mađarsku]], [[Rumunjska|Rumunjsku]], [[Kraljevina SHS|Kraljevinu SHS]] i [[Češka|češke zemlje]].&lt;br /&gt;
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Predložena federacija je trebala oponašati [[Poljska-Litva|Poljsku-Litvu]], koja je sezala od Baltičkog do Crnog mora u razdoblju od kraja 16. do kraja 18. stoljeća, inače nastalu ujedinjenjem [[Kraljevina Poljska (1385.-1569.)|Kraljevine Poljske]] i [[Velika Vojvodina Litva|Velike Vojvodine Litve]]&lt;br /&gt;
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Neki Litvanci su smatrali ovaj projekt prijetnju njihovoj netom uspostavljenoj neovisnosti, a neki Ukrajinci kao prijetnju njihovim težnjama za osamostaljenjem &amp;lt;ref name=Zerkalo3a&amp;gt;Oleksa Pidlutsky, &amp;quot;Figures of the 20th century. Józef Piłsudski: the Chief who Created a State for Himself,&amp;quot; &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Zerkalo Nedeli]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (the Mirror Weekly), velj. 3-9, 2001., dostupno na internetu  [http://www.zerkalo-nedeli.com/nn/show/329/29435/ na ruskom] i  [http://www.zn.kiev.ua/ie/show/329/29435/ na ukrajinskom].&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=Derh&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;quot;The essence of [Józef Piłsudski&amp;#039;s &amp;quot;federalist&amp;quot; program] was that after the overthrow of tsardom and the disintegration of the Russian empire, a large, strong and mighty Poland was to be created in Eastern Europe. It would be the reincarnation of the &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Rzeczpospolita&amp;#039;&amp;#039; on &amp;quot;federative&amp;quot; principles. It was to include the Polish, Lithuanian, Belarusian and Ukrainian lands. The leading role, of course, was to be given to the Polish ethnic, political, economic and cultural element. […] As such two influential and popular political doctrines with regard to Ukraine — the &amp;quot;incorporationist&amp;quot; and the &amp;quot;federalist&amp;quot; — even before the creation of Polish statehood, were based on ignoring the right of the Ukrainian people to self-determination and put forward claims to rule over the Ukrainian territories…&amp;quot;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Oleksandr Derhachov, editor, &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Ukrainian Statehood in the Twentieth Century: Historical and Political Analysis&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, Chapter: &amp;quot;Ukraine in Polish concepts of foreign policy,&amp;quot; Kiev, 1996, {{ISBN|966-543-040-8}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Szporluk&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Roman Szporluk, Imperiia ta natsii, Kiev, Dukh i Litera, 2001., {{ISBN|966-7888-05-3}}, [http://litopys.org.ua/sporl/sh08.htm section II] {{ukr icon}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, a suprotstavljala se Rusija i većina zapadnih država osim Francuske.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Nowak&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://src-h.slav.hokudai.ac.jp/coe21/publish/no7_ses/chapter12.pdf Between Imperial Temptation And Anti-Imperial Function In Eastern European Politics: Poland From The Eighteenth To Twenty-First Century]. [[Andrzej Nowak (povjesničar)|Andrzej Nowak]]. Pristupljeno 14. rujna 2007.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;EidintasZalys&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[Alfonsas Eidintas]], [[Vytautas Zalys]], &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Lithuania in European Politics: The Years of the First Republic, 1918-1940&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, Palgrave, 1999, {{ISBN|0312224583}}. [http://books.google.com/books?id=0_i8yez8udgC&amp;amp;pg=PA78&amp;amp;vq=Polish-Lithuanian+Commonwealth+negative&amp;amp;dq=Polish+Lithuanian+Commonwealth+federation&amp;amp;sig=Oj-weSmBvRh3KbgJWgsNGfobd8A Google Print, p.78-81]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Međumorje je dopunjavalo ine ambiciozne geopolitičke vizije maršala Piłsudskog - [[prometejizam]], čiji je cilj bio ni više ni manje nego komadanje [[Rusko Carstvo|Ruskog Carstva]] i oduzimanje odnosno poništavanje svih teritorijalnih osvajanja tog carstva.&amp;lt;ref name=Enc_Pils&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Józef Pilsudski, Polish revolutionary and statesman, the first chief of state (1918–22) of the newly independent Poland established in November 1918.&amp;quot; ([http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9060041 Józef Pilsudski] in [[Encyclopedia Britannica]])&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Released in November 1918, [Piłsudski] returned to Warsaw, assumed command of the Polish armies, and proclaimed an independent Polish republic, which he headed.&amp;quot; ([http://www.bartleby.com/65/pi/Pilsudsk.html Piłsudski, Joseph] in [[Columbia Encyclopedia]])&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Snyder-P&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[Timothy Snyder]], &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Covert Polish missions across the Soviet Ukrainian border, 1928-1933&amp;#039;&amp;#039; ([http://books.google.com/books?vid={{ISBN|8849812760}}&amp;amp;id=TQR5YSY-b1QC&amp;amp;pg=PA55&amp;amp;lpg=PA77&amp;amp;sig=Wl4yypcxmLb8qcHAnT2tYmdtPZA str. 55], [http://books.google.com/books?vid={{ISBN|8849812760}}&amp;amp;id=TQR5YSY-b1QC&amp;amp;pg=PA56&amp;amp;lpg=PA77&amp;amp;sig=GbZTRk2b-RS4ZH2t3ACOOQUayJc str. 56], [http://books.google.com/books?vid={{ISBN|8849812760}}&amp;amp;id=TQR5YSY-b1QC&amp;amp;pg=PA57&amp;amp;lpg=PA77&amp;amp;sig=h0O7n586kusn5R1lcEYg6Rr2aeg str. 57], [http://books.google.com/books?vid={{ISBN|8849812760}}&amp;amp;id=TQR5YSY-b1QC&amp;amp;pg=PA77&amp;amp;lpg=PA77&amp;amp;sig=4caX_oMm1TLCtmRTOCFtnf9PvvM str. 58], [http://books.google.com/books?vid={{ISBN|8849812760}}&amp;amp;id=TQR5YSY-b1QC&amp;amp;pg=PA78&amp;amp;lpg=PA77&amp;amp;sig=bRpx03-iHDIZlrYbtuCdPMt0igc str. 59], in &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Cofini&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, Silvia Salvatici (a cura di), Rubbettino, 2005).&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[[Timothy Snyder]], &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Sketches from a Secret War: A Polish Artist&amp;#039;s Mission to Liberate Soviet Ukraine&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, Yale University Press, 2005, {{ISBN|030010670X}}, ([http://books.google.com/books?vid={{ISBN|030010670X}}&amp;amp;id=LkZlidUKEl8C&amp;amp;pg=PA41&amp;amp;lpg=PA41&amp;amp;sig=JHXCwC4XPWiaH0ZpudmMFGE3-LM str. 41], [http://books.google.com/books?vid={{ISBN|030010670X}}&amp;amp;id=LkZlidUKEl8C&amp;amp;pg=PA42&amp;amp;lpg=PA41&amp;amp;sig=N_AL-wnlV0LiacmtW0hF6XU5N3k str. 42], [http://books.google.com/books?vid={{ISBN|030010670X}}&amp;amp;id=LkZlidUKEl8C&amp;amp;pg=PA43&amp;amp;lpg=PA41&amp;amp;sig=4vb9zLlSd_Wl1BRP2EWcF-3jCvI str. 43])&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=Debo59&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Pilsudski hoped to build not merely a Polish nation state but a greater federation of peoples under the aegis of Poland which would replace Russia as the great power of Eastern Europe. Lithuania, Belorussia and Ukraine were all to be included. His plan called for a truncated and vastly reduced Russia, a plan which excluded negotiations prior to military victory.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Richard K Debo, &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Survival and Consolidation: The Foreign Policy of Soviet Russia, 1918-1992&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, [http://books.google.com/books?vid={{ISBN|0773508287}}&amp;amp;id=gQfUB0CXBO4C&amp;amp;pg=PA59&amp;amp;lpg=PA59&amp;amp;vq=excluded+negotiations&amp;amp;dq=0773508287&amp;amp;sig=9NMfQrVB6Hqy6Jow-Ii3G4yld2U Google Print, str. 59], McGill-Queen&amp;#039;s Press, 1992, {{ISBN|0-7735-0828-7}}.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=Billington1&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Pilsudski&amp;#039;s program for a federation of independent states centered on Poland; in opposing the imperial power of both Russia and Germany it was in many ways a throwback to the romantic Mazzinian nationalism of [[Young Poland]] in the early nineteenth century.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;James H. Billington, [http://books.google.com/books?vid={{ISBN|0765804719}}&amp;amp;id=a4PRx21WVqMC&amp;amp;dq=0765804719 &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Fire in the Minds of Men&amp;#039;&amp;#039;], str. 432, Transaction Publishers, {{ISBN|0-7658-0471-9}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
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Unutar dva desetljeća od propasti velikog Piłsudskovog projekta, sve države koje je smatrao kandidatima za članstvom u Međumorskoj federaciji su bile okupirane od strane [[SSSR]]-a i/ili [[Treći Reich|Trećeg Reicha]].&lt;br /&gt;
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== Izvori ==&lt;br /&gt;
* [[David J. Smith]], [[Artis Pabriks]], [[Aldis Purs]], [[Thomas Lane]], &amp;#039;&amp;#039;The Baltic States: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, Routledge (UK), 2002., {{ISBN|0415285801}} [http://books.google.com/books?ie=UTF-8&amp;amp;vid={{ISBN|0415285801}}&amp;amp;id=YaYbzQQN97EC&amp;amp;pg=RA2-PA30&amp;amp;lpg=RA2-PA30&amp;amp;dq=autonomy+Polish-Lithuanian+Commonwealth&amp;amp;sig=OHCZGOIqQJGAXBGLJjEAeJUFm0E Google Print, str. 30] (također dostupno i ovdje [http://books.google.com/books?ie=UTF-8&amp;amp;vid={{ISBN|0415267315}}&amp;amp;id=fecMC0LXU-sC&amp;amp;pg=PA30&amp;amp;lpg=PA30&amp;amp;dq=autonomy+Polish-Lithuanian+Commonwealth&amp;amp;sig=HVMxu5PjmmA6dituvZnO3V9Pf0E]).&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Janusz Cisek]], &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Kilka uwag o myśli federacyjnej Józefa Piłsudskiego, Międzymorze – Polska i kraje Europy środkowo-wschodniej XIX-XX wiek&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (Neke primjedbe na federalističke misli Józefa Piłsudskog, Međumorje-Poljska i istočno-srednjoeuropske zemlje u 19. i 20. st.), Warsaw, 1995.&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Piotr Okulewicz]], &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Koncepcja &amp;quot;miedzymorza&amp;quot; w myśli i praktyce politycznej obozu Józefa Piłsudskiego w latach 1918-1926&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (Koncept Međumorje u političkoj misli i praksi kampa Józefa  Piłsudskog u razdoblju 1918.-1926.), Poznań, 2001., {{ISBN|83-7177-060-X}}.&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Jonathan Levy]], &amp;#039;&amp;#039;The Intermarium: Madison, Wilson, and East Central European Federalism&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, {{ISBN|1581123698}}, 2006. [http://www.amazon.com/dp/1581123698]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[M.K. Dziewanowski|Marian Kamil Dziewanowski]], &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;quot;Polski pionier zjednoczonej Europy&amp;quot;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (&amp;quot;A Poljski pionir ujedinjene Europe&amp;quot;), &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Gwiazda Polarna&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (polarna zvijezda), vol. 96, no 19 (17. rujna, 2005.), str. 10-11.&lt;br /&gt;
* [[M.K. Dziewanowski]], &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Czartoryski and His Essai sur la diplomatie&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, 1971, ASIN:  B0072XRK6.&lt;br /&gt;
* [[M.K. Dziewanowski]], &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Joseph Pilsudski:  a European Federalist, 1918-1922&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, Stanford, Hoover Institution, 1979.&lt;br /&gt;
* Peter Jordan, &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Central Union of Europe&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, uvod Ernesta Minora Pattersona, Ph.D., &amp;#039;&amp;#039;President, The American Academy of Political and Social Science&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, New York, Robert M. McBride &amp;amp; Company, 1944.&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Antoni Plutynski]], &amp;#039;&amp;#039;We Are 115 Millions&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, predogovor [[Douglas Reed|D. Reeda]], London, Eyre &amp;amp; Spottiswoode, 1944.&lt;br /&gt;
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== Vidi još ==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Prometejizam]]&lt;br /&gt;
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== Izvori ==&lt;br /&gt;
{{izvori}}&lt;br /&gt;
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== Vanjske poveznice ==&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~content=a713620217~db=all European Review of History] &amp;#039;&amp;#039; &amp;#039;Intermarium&amp;#039; and &amp;#039;Wedding to the Sea&amp;#039;: Politics of History and Mental Mapping in East Central Europe.&amp;#039;&amp;#039; Retrieved September 9, 2007&lt;br /&gt;
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[[Kategorija:Europa]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Kategorija:Povijest Poljske]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>WikiSysop</name></author>
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