Bot1: Automatski uvoz s hrwiki (kategorija: UNESCO)

2026-04-17T09:31:13Z

Automatski uvoz s hrwiki (kategorija: UNESCO)

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{{multiple image|align=right|direction=vertical|image1=The Portico Library (28040463645).jpg|width1=300|caption1=[[Knjižnica Portico]] u [[Manchester]]u|image2=State Library of Victoria La Trobe Reading room 5th floor view.jpg|width2=300|caption2=[[Državna knjižnica Victoria]] u [[Melbourne]]u}}{{Multiple image|align=right}}[[UNESCO|UNESCO-ov]] program '''Grada književnosti''' program je pokrenut 2004. godine kao dio mreže [[Kreativni gradovi|Kreativnih gradova]] UNESCO-a.

== Kriteriji ==
Kako bi dobili status Grada književnosti, gradovi moraju ispuniti niz kriterija koje je postavio [[UNESCO]]:<ref>[http://www.unesco.org/new/en/culture/themes/creativity/creative-cities-network/literature/ Do you have what it takes to be a City of Literature?]</ref>

* kvaliteta, mnoštvo i raznovrsnost izdavaštva u gradu
* kvaliteta i mnoštvo obrazovnih programa s fokusom na domaću ili stranu književnost na primarnoj, sekundarnoj i tercijarnoj razini
* književnost, drama i/ili poezija igraju važnu ulogu u gradu
* održavanje književnih događanja i festivala koji promoviraju domaću i stranu književnost
* postojanje knjižnica, knjižara i javnih ili privatnih kulturnih centara koji čuvaju, promiču i šire domaću i stranu književnost
* uključivanje izdavačkog sektora u prevođenje književnih djela s različitih nacionalnih jezika i stranih književnosti
* aktivno uključivanje tradicionalnih i novih medija u promicanje književnosti i jačanje tržišta književnih proizvoda

Gradovi predlažu ponude UNESCO-u za proglašenje Grada književnosti. Odredbe svake četiri godine popraćuje i revidira UNESCO.

== O gradovima ==
{{multiple image|align=right|direction=vertical|image1=Heidelberg - panoramio (11).jpg|width1=300|image2=0-2016-05-14 bibioteca braidense-sala-maria-teresa.jpg|width2=300|caption2=[[Sveučilišna knjižnica Heidelberg]] i [[Biblioteca di Brera|Nacionalna knjižnica Braidense]] u [[Milano|Milanu]]}}{{Multiple image|align=right}}Godine 2004. [[Edinburgh]] je postao prvi Grad književnosti. Domaćin je godišnjeg [[Međunarodni festival knjige|Međunarodnog festivala knjige]] i ima svog pjesnika laureata<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Edinburgh Crowned the Capital of Literature|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2004/oct/14/news.unitednations|website=[[TheGuardian.com]]}}</ref><ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Edinburgh|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/edinburgh}}</ref> – [[Makari|makara]] – položaj na kojemu se izmjenjuju prominentni pjesnici.

[[Ljubljana]] vodi svoju ''Knjižnicu pod krošnjama'' na raznim lokacijama diljem grada, uključujući [[Park Tivoli, Ljubljana|Gradski park Tivoli]] i Park Zvezda. Ove stranice nude izbor žanrova knjiga te nekoliko domaćih i stranih novina i časopisa.<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Ljubljana|url=http://www.knjiznicapodkrosnjami.si/locations.html#75|access-date=18. svibnja 2023.|archive-date=27. lipnja 2019.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190627131332/http://www.knjiznicapodkrosnjami.si/locations.html#75|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Library Under the Treetops|url=http://www.knjiznicapodkrosnjami.si/library.html|access-date=18. svibnja 2023.|archive-date=31. svibnja 2019.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190531162101/http://www.knjiznicapodkrosnjami.si/library.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

[[Manchester]] je dom [[Centralna knjižnica u Manchesteru|Centralne knjižnice]] i »povijesnih dragulja«, knjižnica [[The Portico]], [[John Rylands]] i [[Chetham's]].<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Manchester Named as a UNESCO City of Literature|url=https://www2.mmu.ac.uk/news-and-events/news/story/6551}}</ref>

U [[Melbourne|Melbourneu]] se nalazi najstarija javna knjižnica Australije, [[Victoria State Library]], kao i [[Wheeler Centre]] i [[Festival pisaca u Melbourneu|Festival pisaca]].<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Melbourne|url=http://krakowcityofliterature.com/networks/unesco-cities-of-literature/melbourne|access-date=18. svibnja 2023.|archive-date=5. svibnja 2019.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505222631/http://krakowcityofliterature.com/networks/unesco-cities-of-literature/melbourne/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Penguin Random House|url=https://www.penguin.com.au/contact}}</ref><ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Lonely Planet|url=https://www.lonelyplanet.com/contact}}</ref>

[[Prag|Praški]] »veliki intelektualni i kreativni resursi« uključuju područja dizajna knjiga, [[ilustracija]], [[Tipografija|tipografije]] i [[Grafički dizajn|grafičkog dizajna]]. Ondje se također nalazi [[Nacionalna knjižnica Češke Republike]] te više od 200 knjižnica. Grad ima jednu od najviših koncentracija knjižara u Europi te [[Festival pisaca u Pragu|Festival pisaca]].<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Prague|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/prague}}</ref><ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Prague|url=http://krakowcityofliterature.com/networks/unesco-cities-of-literature/prague|access-date=18. svibnja 2023.|archive-date=5. svibnja 2019.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505222629/http://krakowcityofliterature.com/networks/unesco-cities-of-literature/prague/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Knjižnice u drugim književnim gradovima uključuju: Nacionalnu knjižnicu Braidense u [[Milano|Milanu]], Sveučilišnu knjižnicu Heidelberg i Nacionalnu knjižnicu Irske u [[Dublin|Dublinu]].<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Ten Stunning Italian Libraries|url=http://www.italianways.com/ten-stunning-italian-libraries|access-date=18. svibnja 2023.|archive-date=26. rujna 2022.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220926183844/https://www.italianways.com/ten-stunning-italian-libraries|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Eight Most Beautiful Libraries in Germany|url=https://theculturetrip.com/europe/germany/articles/8-most-beautiful-libraries-in-germany|url-status=dead|access-date=18. svibnja 2023.|archive-date=28. listopada 2023.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231028233135/https://theculturetrip.com/europe/germany/articles/8-most-beautiful-libraries-in-germany}}</ref><ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Five Libraries in Dublin Every Bibliophile Should Visit|url=https://theculturetrip.com/europe/ireland/articles/5-libraries-in-dublin-every-bibliophile-should-visit|access-date=18. svibnja 2023.|archive-date=6. svibnja 2019.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190506165734/https://theculturetrip.com/europe/ireland/articles/5-libraries-in-dublin-every-bibliophile-should-visit/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

[[Dunedin]] je »Edinburgh juga« i dom najstarijeg sveučilišta na [[Novi Zeland|Novom Zelandu]].<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Dunedin|url=https://www.lonelyplanet.com/new-zealand/dunedin-and-otago/dunedin}}</ref>

== Popis Gradova književnosti ==
{{multiple image|align=right|direction=vertical|image1=Clementinum_baroque_library_7.jpg|width1=300|image2=20130810 dublin216.JPG|width2=300|image3=The John Rylands Library Interior.jpg|width3=300|caption3=[[Nacionalna knjižnica Češke|Nacionalna knjižnica]] u [[Prag]]u, [[Nacionalna knjižnica Irske|Nacionalna knjižnica Irske]] u [[Dublin]]u i [[Knjižnica John Rylands]] u [[Manchester]]u}}{{Multiple image|align=right}}Jedanaest država ima više Gradova književnosti, od njih deset ima po dva grada, dok [[Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo]] ima pet.
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! width="150" |Grad
! width="200" |Zemlja
! width="150" |Godina upisa
|-
|[[Angoulême]]
|{{DZ+X|FRA}}
|2019<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Angoulême|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/events/unesco-designates-66-new-creative-cities}}</ref>
|-
|[[Bagdad]]
|{{DZ+X|IRK}}
|2015<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Baghdad|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/baghdad}}</ref>
|-
|[[Barcelona]]
|{{DZ+X|ŠPA}}
|2015<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Barcelona|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/barcelona}}</ref>
|-
|[[Beirut]]
|{{DZ+X|LBN}}
|2019<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Beirut|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/events/unesco-designates-66-new-creative-cities}}</ref>
|-
|[[Bucheon]]
|{{DZ+X|JKO}}
|2017<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Bucheon|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/bucheon}}</ref>
|-
|[[Dublin]]
|{{DZ+X|IRS}}
|2010<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Dublin|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/dublin}}</ref>
|-
|[[Dunedin]]
|{{DZ+X|NZL}}
|2014<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Dunedin|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/dunedin}}</ref>
|-
|[[Durban]]
|{{DZ+X|JAR}}
|2017<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Durban|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/durban}}</ref>
|-
|[[Edinburgh]]
|{{DZ+X|UK}}
|2004<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Edinburgh|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/edinburgh}}</ref>
|-
|[[Exeter]]
|{{DZ+X|UK}}
|2019<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Exeter|url=https://news.exeter.gov.uk/exeter-only-uk-city-to-be-awarded-unesco-city-of-literature-status/|access-date=18. svibnja 2023.|archive-date=31. listopada 2019.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191031182330/https://news.exeter.gov.uk/exeter-only-uk-city-to-be-awarded-unesco-city-of-literature-status/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Exeter|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/events/unesco-designates-66-new-creative-cities}}</ref>
|-
|[[Göteborg]]
|{{DZ+X|ŠVE}}
|2021<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Gothenburg|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/events/49-new-cities-join-unescos-creative-cities-network}}</ref>
|-
|[[Granada]]
|{{DZ+X|ŠPA}}
|2014<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Granada|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/granada}}</ref>
|-
|[[Heidelberg]]
|{{DZ+X|NJE}}
|2014<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Heidelberg|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/heidelberg}}</ref>
|-
|[[Iowa City]]
|{{DZ+X|SAD}}
|2008<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Iowa City|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/iowa-city}}</ref>
|-
|[[Jakarta]]
|{{DZ+X|INDN}}
|2021<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Jakarta|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/events/49-new-cities-join-unescos-creative-cities-network}}</ref>
|-
|[[Krakov]]
|{{DZ+X|POLJ}}
|2013<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Kraków|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/krakow}}</ref>
|-
|[[Kuhmo]]
|{{DZ+X|FIN}}
|2019<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Kuhmo|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/events/unesco-designates-66-new-creative-cities}}</ref>
|-
|[[Lahore]]
|{{DZ+X|PAK}}
|2019<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Lahore|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/events/unesco-designates-66-new-creative-cities}}</ref>
|-
|[[Leeuwarden]]
|{{DZ+X|NIZ}}
|2019<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Leeuwarden|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/events/unesco-designates-66-new-creative-cities}}</ref>
|-
|[[Lillehammer]]
|{{DZ+X|NOR}}
|2017<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Lillehammer|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/lillehammer}}</ref>
|-
|[[Ljubljana]]
|{{DZ+X|SLO}}
|2015<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Ljubljana|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/ljubljana}}</ref>
|-
|[[Lavov]]
|{{DZ+X|UKR}}
|2015<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Lviv|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/lviv}}</ref>
|-
|[[Manchester]]
|{{DZ+X|UK}}
|2017<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Manchester|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/manchester}}</ref>
|-
|[[Melbourne]]
|{{DZ+X|AUS}}
|2008<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Melbourne|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/melbourne}}</ref>
|-
|[[Milano]]
|{{DZ+X|ITA}}
|2017<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Milan|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/milan}}</ref>
|-
|[[Montevideo]]
|{{DZ+X|URU}}
|2015<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Montevideo|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/montevideo}}</ref>
|-
|[[Nanjing]]
|{{DZ+X|KIN}}
|2019<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Nanjing|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/events/unesco-designates-66-new-creative-cities}}</ref>
|-
|[[Norwich]]
|{{DZ+X|UK}}
|2012<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Norwich|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/norwich}}</ref>
|-
|[[Nottingham]]
|{{DZ+X|UK}}
|2015<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Nottingham|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/nottingham}}</ref>
|-
|[[Óbidos]]
|{{DZ+X|POR}}
|2015<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Óbidos|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/obidos}}</ref>
|-
|[[Odesa]]
|{{DZ+X|UKR}}
|2019<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Odessa|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/events/unesco-designates-66-new-creative-cities}}</ref>
|-
|[[Prag]]
|{{DZ+X|ČEŠ}}
|2014<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Prague|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/prague}}</ref>
|-
|[[Québec (grad)|Québec]]
|{{DZ+X|KAN}}
|2017<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Québec City|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/quebec-city}}</ref>
|-
|[[Reykjavik]]
|{{DZ+X|ISL}}
|2011<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Reykjavík|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/reykjavik}}</ref>
|-
|[[Seattle, Washington|Seattle]]
|{{DZ+X|SAD}}
|2017<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Seattle|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/seattle}}</ref>
|-
|[[Silêmanî (grad)|Slemani]]
|{{DZ+X|IRK}}
|2019<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Slemani|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/events/unesco-designates-66-new-creative-cities}}</ref>
|-
|[[Tartu]]
|{{DZ+X|EST}}
|2015<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Tartu|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/tartu}}</ref>
|-
|[[Uljanovsk]]
|{{DZ+X|RUS}}
|2015<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Ulyanovsk|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/ulyanovsk}}</ref>
|-
|[[Utrecht (grad)|Utrecht]]
|{{DZ+X|NIZ}}
|2017<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Utrecht|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/utrecht}}</ref>
|-
|[[Vilnius]]
|{{DZ+X|LIT}}
|2021<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Vilnius|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/events/49-new-cities-join-unescos-creative-cities-network}}</ref>
|-
|[[Wonju]]
|{{DZ+X|JKO}}
|2019<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Wonju|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/events/unesco-designates-66-new-creative-cities}}</ref>
|-
|[[Wrocław]]
|{{DZ+X|POLJ}}
|2019<ref>{{Citiranje weba|title=Wrocław|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/events/unesco-designates-66-new-creative-cities}}</ref>
|-
|}
{{Zastarjelo}}

== Povezani članci ==
* [[Grad obrta i tradicijske umjetnosti]]
* [[Grad glazbe (UNESCO)|Grad glazbe]]
* [[Grad filma]]
== Izvori ==

== Vanjske poveznice ==
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
* [https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/creative-cities-map Creative Cities Map], UNESCO.
* [http://www.cityofliterature.com/ Edinburgh City of Literature]
* [http://cityofliterature.com.au/ Melbourne City of Literature]
* [http://www.iowacityofliterature.org/ Iowa City City of Literature]
* [http://www.dublincityofliterature.ie/ Dublin City of Literature]
* [https://www.bokmenntaborgin.is/en Reykjavík City of Literature]
* [http://www.writerscentrenorwich.org.uk/ Writers' Centre Norwich] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180429042858/https://www.writerscentrenorwich.org.uk/ |date=29. travnja 2018. }}
* [http://krakowcityofliterature.com/city-of-literature/ Kraków City of Literature]
* [http://www.cityofliterature.de/ Heidelberg City of Literature]
* [https://www.cityofliterature.co.nz/ Dunedin City of Literature]
* [http://granadaciudaddeliteratura.com/ Granada City of Literature]
* [http://www.prahamestoliteratury.cz/ Prague City of Literature]
* [http://www.bcn.cat/ciutatdelaliteratura/ Barcelona City of Literature]
* {{Neaktivna poveznica|bot=InternetArchiveBot }}
* [https://www.mestoliterature.si/ Ljubljana City of Literature]
* [http://cityofliterature.lviv.ua/ Lviv City of Literature] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230601024817/https://cityofliterature.lviv.ua/ |date=1. lipnja 2023. }}
* [http://www.nottinghamcityofliterature.com/ Nottingham City of Literature]
* [http://obidosvilaliteraria.com/en/ Óbidos Vila Literária]
* [https://www.seattlecityoflit.org/ Seattle City of Literature]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20190627105617/https://tartu.kirjandus.ee/est Tartu City of Literature]
* [http://ulyanovskcreativecity.ru/en/ Ulyanovsk City of Literature] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190620030800/http://ulyanovskcreativecity.ru/en/ |date=20. lipnja 2019. }}
* [http://cityofliterature.nl/ Utrecht City of Literature]
* [http://bucheoncityofliterature.or.kr/site/main/unesco Bucheon City of Literature] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231211054534/http://bucheoncityofliterature.or.kr/site/main/unesco |date=11. prosinca 2023. }}
* [https://www.exetercityofliterature.com/ Exeter City of Literature]
{{div col end}}
[[Kategorija:UNESCO]]
[[Kategorija:Stranice s nepregledanim prijevodima]]
[[Kategorija:Književnost]]

Grad književnosti - Povijest promjena

Bot1: Automatski uvoz s hrwiki (kategorija: UNESCO)