Vidi kôd stranice Karlovo srce

<!--'''Karlovo srce'''-->{{Starbox begin
| name = Karlovo srce
}}
{{Starbox image
 | image = 
     <div style="position: relative">[[Datoteka:Canes Venatici IAU.svg|250px|alt=Diagram showing star positions and boundaries of the Auriga constellation and its surroundings]]
     <div style="position: absolute; left: 49.5%; top: 45%;">[[Datoteka:Cercle rouge 100%.svg|12px]]</div>
     </div>
 | caption = Položaj Karlovog srca
}}
{{Starbox observe
| epoch = [[J2000.0]]
| equinox = [[J2000.0]] ([[International Celestial Reference System|ICRS]])
| constell = [[Canes Venatici]]
| component1 = α<sup>2</sup> CVn
| ra1 = 12<sup>h</sup> 56<sup>m</sup> 01,66622<sup>s</sup> <ref name=HIP>{{cite journal|title=Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction|url=http://www.aanda.org/index.php?option=com_article&access=bibcode&Itemid=129&bibcode=2007A%2526A...474..653VFUL|author=van Leeuwen, F.|display-authors=etal|journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics|volume=474|issue=2|pages=653–664|date=2007|arxiv=0708.1752|bibcode=2007A&A...474..653V|doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20078357}}</ref> 
| dec1 = +38&deg; 19&prime; 06,1541&Prime; 
| appmag_v1=2,84 to 2,98<ref name=gcvs1>alf 2 CVn, database entry, [http://www.sai.msu.su/groups/cluster/gcvs/gcvs/iii/iii.dat The combined table of GCVS Vols I-III and NL 67-78 with improved coordinates, General Catalogue of Variable Stars], Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Moscow, Russia.  Accessed on line November 2, 2009.</ref>
| component2 = α<sup>1</sup> CVn
| ra2 = {{RA|12|56|00,43258}}
| dec2 = {{DEC|+38|18|53,3768}}
| appmag_v2=5.60<ref name=Ducati>{{cite journal|bibcode=2002yCat.2237....0D|title=VizieR Online Data Catalog: Catalogue of Stellar Photometry in Johnson's 11-color system|journal=CDS/ADC Collection of Electronic Catalogues|volume=2237|author1=Ducati, J. R.|year=2002}}</ref>
}}
{{Starbox character
| component = α<sup>2</sup> CVn
| class = A0pSiEuHg<ref>[http://webviz.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-5?-out.add=.&-source=V/50/catalog&recno=4915 HR 4915], database entry, The Bright Star Catalogue,  5th Revised Ed. (Preliminary Version), D. Hoffleit and W. H. Warren, Jr., [[Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg|CDS]] ID [http://vizier.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/Cat?V/50 V/50].  Accessed on line November 2, 2009.</ref>
| b-v = -0.12<ref name=EgUBV>{{cite journal|author1=Mermilliod, J.-C.|title=Compilation of Eggen's UBV data, transformed to UBV (unpublished)|journal=Catalogue of Eggen's UBV Data|url=http://cdsads.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1986EgUBV........0M&db_key=AST&nosetcookie=1|date=1986|bibcode= 1986EgUBV........0M}}</ref>
| u-b = -0.32<ref name=EgUBV/>
| variable = [[Alpha2 Canum Venaticorum variable|α<sup>2</sup> CVn]]
| component2 = α<sup>1</sup> CVn
| class2 = F2V<ref name=Gray>{{cite journal|bibcode=2003AJ....126.2048G|doi=10.1086/378365|arxiv=astro-ph/0308182|title=Contributions to the Nearby Stars (NStars) Project: Spectroscopy of Stars Earlier than M0 within 40 Parsecs: The Northern Sample. I|journal=The Astronomical Journal|volume=126|issue=4|pages=2048|year=2003|last1=Gray|first1=R. O.|last2=Corbally|first2=C. J.|last3=Garrison|first3=R. F.|last4=McFadden|first4=M. T.|last5=Robinson|first5=P. E.}}</ref>
| b-v2 = +0.34<ref name=UBVRI>{{cite journal|title=UBVRIJKL Photometry of the Bright Stars|author1=Johnson, H. L.|journal=Communications of the Lunar and Planetary Laboratory|volume=4|pages=99|date=1966|bibcode=1966CoLPL...4...99J}}</ref>
| u-b2 = -0,03<ref name=UBVRI/>
}}
{{Starbox astrometry
| component1 = α<sup>2</sup> CVn
| radial_v = -4,10 ± 0,2<ref>{{cite journal|title=Pulkovo Compilation of Radial Velocities for 35 495 Hipparcos stars in a common system|author=Gontcharov, G. A.|date=2006|journal=Astronomy Letters|volume=32|issue=11|pages=759–771|bibcode=2006AstL...32..759G|doi=10.1134/S1063773706110065|arxiv=1606.08053}}</ref>
| prop_mo_ra = −235,08
| prop_mo_dec = 53,54
| parallax = 28,41
| p_error = 0,90
| parallax_footnote = 
| absmag_v = 0,16 ± 0,08<ref name=Kochukhov>{{cite journal|bibcode=2010A&A...513A..13K|doi=10.1051/0004-6361/200913860|arxiv=1002.0025|title=Magnetic Doppler imaging of α<sup>2</sup> Canum Venaticorum in all four Stokes parameters|journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics|volume=513|pages=A13|year=2010|last1=Kochukhov|first1=O.|last2=Wade|first2=G. A.}}</ref>
| component2 = α<sup>1</sup> CVn
| radial_v2 = -0,60 ± 0,9<ref name=Holmberg>{{cite journal|bibcode=2007A&A...475..519H|doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20077221|arxiv=0707.1891|title=The Geneva-Copenhagen survey of the Solar neighbourhood II|journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics|volume=475|issue=2|pages=519|year=2007|last1=Holmberg|first1=J.|last2=Nordström|first2=B.|last3=Andersen|first3=J.}}</ref>
| prop_mo_ra2 = −232,86<ref name=HIP/>
| prop_mo_dec2 = 55,69<ref name=HIP/>
| parallax2 = 27,10
| p_error2 = 9,54
| parallax_footnote2 = <ref name=HIP/>
}}
{{Starbox detail
| component1 = α<sup>2</sup> CVn
| temperature = 11600 ± 500<ref name=Kochukhov/>
| gravity = 3,9 ± 0,1<ref name=Kochukhov/>
| luminosity = 101 ± 12<ref name=Kochukhov/>
| radius = 2,49 ± 0,26<ref name=Kochukhov/>
| mass = 2,97 ± 0,07<ref name=Kochukhov/>
| age_myr = {{val|165|+60|-70}}<!-- 1,65 +0,6 -0,7 × 10^8 yr --><ref name=Kochukhov/>
| rotational_velocity = 18,4 ± 0,5<ref name=Kochukhov/>
| rotation = 5,46939 d<ref name=Kochukhov/>
| component2 =α<sup>1</sup> CVn
| gravity2 = 4,25 ± 0,22<ref name=AllendePrieto>{{cite journal|title=Fundamental parameters of nearby stars from the comparison with evolutionary calculations: masses, radii and effective temperatures|author1=Allende Prieto, C.|author2=Lambert, D. L.|journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics|volume=352|pages=555–562|date=1999|bibcode=1999A&A...352..555A|arxiv=astro-ph/9911002}}</ref>
| mass2 = 1,47 ± 0,15<ref name=AllendePrieto/>
| radius2 = 1,5<!-- 10^0,18 --><ref name=AllendePrieto/>
| temperature2 = 7080<!-- 10^3,85 --><ref name=AllendePrieto/>
| rotational_velocity2 = 18<ref>{{cite journal|bibcode=2007A&A...463..671R|doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20065224|arxiv=astro-ph/0610785|title=Rotational velocities of A-type stars|journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics|volume=463|issue=2|pages=671|year=2007|last1=Royer|first1=F.|last2=Zorec|first2=J.|last3=Gómez|first3=A. E.}}</ref>
}}
{{Starbox catalog
| names=[[Bayer designation|α CVn]], [[Flamsteed designation|12 CVn]], [[Durchmusterung|BD]]+39°&nbsp;2580, [[Aitken Double Star Catalog|ADS]]&nbsp;8706 AB, [[Catalog of Components of Double and Multiple Stars|CCDM]]&nbsp;J12560+3819B
| component1 = α<sup>2</sup> CVn
| names1=α CVn A, 12 CVn A, [[Fifth Fundamental Catalogue|FK5]] 485, [[Boss General Catalogue|GC]]&nbsp;17557, [[Henry Draper Catalogue|HD]] 112413, [[Hipparcos Catalogue|HIP]] 63125, [[Bright Star Catalogue|HR]] 4915, [[Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Star Catalog|SAO]]&nbsp;63257.<ref name=Simbad2>{{cite simbad|title=* alf02 CVn|access-date=4 May 2017}}</ref>
| component2 = α<sup>1</sup> CVn
| names2=α CVn B, 12&nbsp;CVn&nbsp;B, GC&nbsp;17556, HD&nbsp;112412, HIP&nbsp;63121, HR&nbsp;4914, SAO&nbsp;63256.<ref>{{cite simbad|title=* alf01 CVn|access-date=4 May 2017}}</ref>
}}
{{Starbox reference
| Simbad=alf02+CVn | sn=α<sup>2</sup> CVn
| Simbad2=alf01+CVn | sn2=α<sup>1</sup> CVn
}}
{{Starbox end}}
'''Karlovo srce''' je [[Dvojna zvijezda|binarna zvijezda]] označena kao '''alfa Canum Venaticorum''' '''(Cor Caroli''', '''α Canum Venaticorum''', skraćeno '''Alpha CVN''', '''α CVN)'''. [[Međunarodna astronomska unija]] koristi naziv "Karlovo srce" posebno za svjetliju zvijezdu binarne boje. Karlovo srce je najsvjetlija zvijezda u sjevernom [[Zviježđe|zviježđu]] [[Lovački psi (zviježđe)|Lovački psi]]. Nazvana je u čast engleskog kralja [[Karlo I., kralj Engleske|Karla I.]] Karlovo srce lijepa je dvojna zvijezda čije su komponente dovoljno razmaknute i lako vidljive [[Teleskop|teleskopom]]. Obje su zvijezde plave boje, no vidi se značajna razlika u sjaju.<ref>{{Citiranje časopisa|title=Svibanj 2019. «» AAD - Rijeka|url=http://www.aad.hr/lista/2/mjesecni_pregled/14/svibanj_2019_.html|accessdate=2020-01-17}}</ref>

== Zvjezdana svojstva ==
[[Datoteka:Cor_Caroli_2011-03-01.jpeg|lijevo|mini| Karlovo srce viđeno iz sjeverne Engleske 1. ožujka 2011. ]]
Karlovo srce je [[Dvojna zvijezda|binarna zvijezda]] promjenljive [[Prividna magnituda|prividne magnitude]] između 2,84 i 2,98.<ref>{{Citiranje časopisa|title=Lovački psi {{!}} Hrvatska enciklopedija|url=http://www.enciklopedija.hr/natuknica.aspx?id=37244|accessdate=2020-01-03}}</ref> Dvije zvijezde su na nebu udaljene 19,6 lučnih sekundi i lako se razdvajaju u malim teleskopima. Sustav leži otprilike 110 [[Svjetlosna godina|svjetlosnih godina]] od [[Sunce|Sunca]] . 

Označava sjevernu kralježnicu [[Asterizam|asterizma]] poznatog kao Veliki Dijamant ili Dijamant Djevice. 

=== α<sup>2</sup> Canum Venaticorum ===
α <sup>2</sup> Canum Venaticorum ima [[Spektralni razred|spektralni tip]] A0 i ima [[Prividna magnituda|prividnu magnitudu]] koja varira između 2,84 i 2,98, u razdoblju od 5,47 dana.  To je kemijski neobična zvijezda s jakim magnetskim poljem, oko 5.000 puta jača od Zemljine, a također je klasificirana kao Ap / Bp zvijezda . <ref name="hgs">"Cor Caroli", p. 49, ''The hundred greatest stars'', James B. Kaler, Springer, 2002, {{ISBN|0-387-95436-8}}.</ref> Njena atmosfera sadrži prekomjerne elemente nekih elemenata, poput [[Silicij|silicija]], [[Živa|žive]] i [[Europij|europija]] . Smatra se da je to zbog toga što neki elementi potonu u zvijezdu pod silom gravitacije, dok se drugi povisuju pritiskom zračenja.   Ova je zvijezda prototip klase [[Promjenljiva zvijezda|varijabilnih zvijezda]], takozvanih α <nowiki><sup id="mwwQ">2</sup></nowiki> Canum Venaticorum varijabli . Smatra se da snažno [[magnetsko polje]] tih zvijezda stvara zvjezdane pjege u ogromnoj mjeri. S obzirom na te zvjezdice, svjetlina α <sup>2</sup> Canum Venaticorum zvijezde se tijekom rotacije znatno mijenja. 

=== α<sup>1</sup> Canum Venaticorum ===
α<sup>1</sup> Canum Venaticorum je zvijezda glavne sekvence tipa F. Znatno je slabiji od svog pratilaca i ima prividnu vizualnu magnitude oko 5,60.  

== Izvori ==
{{izvori}}
[[Kategorija:Lovački psi (zviježđe)]]
[[Kategorija:Zvijezde]]